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Seamounts, the Habitat of Deep Sea Corals
By Maura Christhilf, CZM
Much like the Hawaiian islands, seamounts, or underwater islands, form
over hotspots in the earth's crust. Lava erupts through cracks and over
thousands of years builds to a rocky underwater mountain perfect for corals,
sponges, and sea anemones to colonize. Many of these stationary inhabitants
rely on ocean currents flowing over the seamount to provide the nutrients
they need to live. These same currents carry reproductive components and
larvae to new spots, assuring continuation of the species that are often
endemic, or specific only to the area where they are found. Fish hide,
rest, and reproduce among the corals and sponges, and larger fish come
to feed on them. Seamounts, like the substantial chain found off the Massachusetts
coast, consequently provide a unique habitat in the vast depths of the
ocean.
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