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The Official Website of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife (MassWildlife)

Natural Heritage and Endangered Species

Natural Communities

Natural Heritage LogoNatural communities are assemblages of species that occur together in space and time. These groups of plants and animals are found in recurring patterns that can be classified and described by their dominant physical and biological features: Red Maple swamp and Pitch Pine/Scrub Oak communities are two examples. Natural communities are not discrete units with neat boundaries; there is overlap among and between communities in their composition, structure, and physical characteristics. Large animals often make use of multiple communities.

Salt Marsh: Joanne Singfield ©2002 MNHESP
Salt Marsh: Joanne Singfield ©2002 MNHESP

Natural communities may be restricted or widespread in their distribution across the state. Conservation priority should be given to: natural communities with limited distribution across ecoregions within the state, those with restricted global distribution, and those common types for which the best documented examples occur in Massachusetts.

The Massachusetts Natural Heritage Program actively inventories and tracks the distribution and status of uncommon and exemplary natural communities across the state. In 2000, NHESP produced a draft classification of natural communities, which we use to better understand, map, and track them.