Summer
Heat Precautions
During
a heat wave the body has to work extra hard to maintain
a normal temperature. Excessive heat can result in serious
health threats by pushing the human body beyond its
limits. Young children, elderly people, and those who
are sick or overweight are most at risk.
Measures for Preventing Heat Related Illnesses
- NEVER
leave children or pets alone in closed vehicles.
- Slow
down, avoid strenuous activity.
- Avoid
too much sun.
- Plan
outdoor games and activities for early morning or
evening.
- Avoid
extreme temperature changes.
- Stay
indoors as much as possible; use fans or air conditioners
to cool the air.
- Wear
loose-fitting, lightweight, light-colored clothing
that will cover as much skin as possible.
- Protect
face and head by wearing a wide brimmed hat.
- Drink
plenty of fluids, even if you do not feel thirsty,
and avoid alcoholic beverages.
Hot Weather Health Emergencies
Heat cramps: Painful spasms, mostly in legs and abdomen,
usually the result of heavy exertion and heavy sweating.
Recognizing Heat Cramps
Painful spasms usually in the legs and abdominal muscles that may
occur in association with strenuous activity.
What to do
Apply firm pressure to cramping muscles or gently massage to relieve
spasms. Replace fluids. Consult your health care provider.
Heat exhaustion: Typically occurs when people exercise heavily
or work in a hot, humid place where body fluids are lost through
heavy sweating.
Recognizing Heat Exhaustion
Heavy sweating, weakness, cold, pale and clammy skin. Weak pulse.
Fainting and vomiting possible.
What to do
Lie down in a cool place. Loosen clothing. Apply cool wet cloths.
Fan or move person to air-conditioned place. Take sips of water.
Consult your health care provider.
Heat
stroke: A medical emergency- the body's temperature
control system, which produces sweating to cool the
body, stops working. Sunstroke: Another term
for heat stroke.
Recognizing Heat Stroke
High body temperature (106+). Hot, dry skin. Rapid,
strong pulse. Possible unconsciousness. Individual will
likely not sweat.
What to do
Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency. Call 911
or emergency medical services or get the person to a
hospital immediately. Move to a cooler environment.
Try a cool bath or sponging to reduce body temperature.
Use fans and/or air conditioners, to cool the body.
DO NOT GIVE FLUIDS.
Additional
Resources
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