• Patient on Patient abuse

  • Dehydration: low or non-existent intake of fluids, low urinary output, dry fragile skin, dry sore mouth, constipation, apathy, lack of energy or mental confusion

  • Malnourishment: low, sporadic, or non-existent intake of food; constant hunger; apathy; confusion and edema

  • Inadequate food storage, spoiled food

  • Inadequate food supply

  • Water unpalatable

  • Water unavailable

  • Decubiti (bedsores), skin rashes related to unchanged bedding, urine-soaked diapers, or linens

  • Evidence of poor hygiene (e.g. matted or lice-infested hair; soiled clothing; odors; presence of feces/urine or dirty nails/skin

  • Lack of clothing, improperly clothed for weather conditions

  • Untreated medical or mental conditions (e.g. infection, unattended fractures, soiled bandages)

  • Restraining devices are evident

  • Medication mismanagement (e.g. over-medication, medications not given at prescribed times, outdated/unmarked medications are present)

  • Lack of needed assistive devices such as dentures, eyeglasses, hearing aide, walker, wheelchair, communication board, etc.

  • No toilet or commode

  • Inadequate living conditions

  • Inadequate heating, ventilation/cooling, lighting, no electricity

  • Inadequate sanitation, substandard cleanliness

  • Heating system is dangerous, in disrepair, or unable to be repaired

  • Animal/insect infestation such as fleas, mice, rats, cats, dogs

  • Living space crowded: the individual sleeping on a sofa, in kitchen, living room or basement

  • Housing structurally unsafe

  • Architectural barriers

  • Fire hazard present: faulty wiring, newspaper clutter, barriers to ambulation, blocked exits

  • Hazardous substances such as toxic materials

  • Empty liquor/beer bottles present or evidence of other drugs No telephone or access to outside help (in case of fire or medical emergency)

  • Frequent moves between residences are made

  • Caregiver evicts or abandons victim

  • Caregiver leaves victim unsupervised

  • Caregiver fails to

    • wash or bathe victim

    • shop, prepare meals, feed victim or meals are missed

    • launder, dress, or change victim's clothes

    • assist victim to toilet or commode

    • administer medications properly

    • change bed pads or turn victim in bed to avoid decubiti (bedsores)