• Present new ideas by relating them to pre-existing knowledge held by the learners
  • Teach at the learners' level not over their heads
  • Show in a specific way how new material will benefit learners
  • Encourage appropriate questions and motivate involvement
  • Show tolerance - both to ignorance and disagreement thus avoiding arguments and confrontation
  • Build learners' self esteem
  • Call the learners by name
  • Involve learners in the learning process through planned activities
  • Use a variety of teaching methods
  • Teach to all participants, not just to those who show interest
  • Present key points by using examples as illustrations