Adopted Date: | 01/01/2018 |
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Guide to Evidence Guide to Evidence Index
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Table of Contents
A
ABUSE OF DISCRETION
Appellate court’s review for
Bowden evidence
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Character evidence
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Courtroom experiments and demonstrations
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion,Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Discharge of juror during trial
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Evidence of sexual behavior or sexual reputation
- § 412(a), Note. Prohibited Uses
Evidence of similar occurrences
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Exclusion as sanction
- § 103(g), Note. Exclusion as Sanction
Expert witness testimony
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
First complaint doctrine
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Opening statements
- § 1113(a)(1), Note. Purpose
Peremptory challenges
- § 1116(b)(1), Note Stage One: Prima Facie Case of Unlawful Discrimination
- § 1116(c), Note Overruling the Objection
Scope of cross-examination
- § 611(b)(2), Note . Bias and Prejudice
Sequestration of witnesses
- § 615, Note Sequestration of Witnesses
Statistical summaries of compilations of raw data
- § 803(17), Note Statements of Facts of General Interest
ABUSE PREVENTION ACT PROCEEDINGS
Generally
- § 1106 Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Abuse Defined
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
ACCUSED
See DEFENDANT
ADJUDICATIVE FACTS
- § 201 Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts
ADMISSIBILITY
Additional reports of sexual assault
- § 413(b) Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Authentication or identification as precedent of
- § 901 Authenticating or Identifying Evidence
Blood alcohol/breathalyzer tests, refusal of
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
- § 801(a), Note. Statement
Character evidence
- § 404 . Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
- § 803(21). Reputation Concerning Character
Character trait
Collateral source payments
- § 411, Note. Insurance
Compromise
- § 408 Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Computer simulations
- § 702, Note . Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Conduct, prior sexual
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Conduct, specific instances
Confessions
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Copies
- § 1002 Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
- § 1003 Admissibility of Duplicate
- § 1004 Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content
- § 1005 Official Records
Courtroom experiments and demonstrations
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Crimes
- § 404(b) Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Curative
- § 106(b) Curative Admissibility
Depositions and affidavits
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Determination of
- § 103 Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
- § 104 Preliminary Questions
- § 403 Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Evidence not admissible against other parties or for other purposes
- § 105 Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes
Evidence of insurance
- § 411 Insurance
Expert testimony
- § 702 Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703 Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 704 Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 705 Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- § 706 Court-Appointed Experts
Expressions of sympathy
- § 409 Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases; Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses
Extrapolation evidence
- § 702, Note Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Eyewitness identification
- § 1112 Eyewitness Identification
First complaint
- § 413(a) Admissibility of First Complaint
Habit
- § 406 Routine Practice of a Business; Habit of an Individual
Hearsay
- Article VIII, Intro Hearsay
- § 801 Definitions
- § 802 The Rule Against Hearsay
- § 803 Hearsay Exceptions; Availability of Declarant Immaterial
- § 804 Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
- § 805 Hearsay Within Hearsay
- § 806 Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
- § 807 Residual Exception
- § 1101(c)(3), Note. Certain Other Proceedings
- § 1103 Sexually Dangerous Person Proceedings
Irrelevant evidence
- § 402 General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Limited admissibility
- § 105 Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes
Medical and hospital bills
- § 411, Note. Insurance
- § 803(6)(C), Note. Medical and Hospital Services
- § 902(l). Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Itemized Bills and Reports
Medical and hospital records
- § 803(6)(A), Note Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 803(6)(B) Hospital Records
- § 902(k) Certified Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Treatment and Medical History
Medical reports
- § 803(6)(C), Note Medical and Hospital Services
Mortality tables
- § 803(8), Note. Official/Public Records and Reports
Negotiations
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Offers to compromise
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Photographs of victim
- § 403, Note Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Pleas
- § 410. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
Prior statements of witnesses
- § 613 Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
Relevant evidence
- § 401 Test for Relevant Evidence
- § 402 General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
- § 403 Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Remedial measures
- § 407 Subsequent Remedial Measures
Reports and records in child protective cases
- § 1115 Evidentiary Issues in Care and Protection and Termination of Parental Rights Cases
Role of judge
- § 104(a) In General
Similar occurrences, evidence of
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Statutes limiting
- § 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Summaries
- § 1006. Summaries to Prove Content
Suppressed statements, for impeachment
- § 511(d), Note. Use of Suppressed Statements
Test for
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Ultimate issue testimony
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Writing or object used to refresh memory
- § 612(b). Admissibility
ADMISSIONS
Adoptive admission
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Binding
- § 611(g)(1), Note. Form and Effect
By conduct
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
By silence
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Defined, criminal case
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Evidentiary
- § 611(g)(1), Note. Form and Effect
Inconsistent statements by prosecutor
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Joint venture
- § 801(d)(2)(E), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Judicial
- § 611(g)(1), Note. Form and Effect
Made on face of settlement documents
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Nonbinding
- § 611(g)(1), Note. Form and Effect
Of liability
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
- § 409(a) Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases
Party-opponent
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(2), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 804(b)(3) , Note. Statement Against Interest
- § 1103(b), Note . Proceedings
- § 1115(d)(1), Note. Statements Not Related to Sexual Abuse
To sufficient facts
- § 410 Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note An Opposing Party’s Statement
Vicarious admissions
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
ADVERSE INFERENCE
Abuse prevention and harassment prevention proceedings
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Claim of privilege
- § 525 Comment upon or Inference from Claim of Privilege
Consciousness of guilt or liability
- § 1110(c). Rebuttal
Failure to call witness
- § 1111. Missing Witness
Generally
- § 525. Comment upon or Inference from Claim of Privilege
Missing witness
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Parent claiming Fifth Amendment privilege child protective cases
- § 1115(e)(3), Note . Parents Called by Adverse Party
Privilege against self-incrimination
Psychotherapist-patient privilege
- § 503(c). Effect of Exercise of Privilege
ADVERSE PARTY
Calling of parents by in child protective cases
- § 1115(e)(3). Parents Called by Adverse Party
Entitlement to writing used by witness to refresh memory
- § 612. Writing or Object Used to Refresh Memory
Interrogation of
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
Notice of intent to use treatise to impeach witness
- § 803(18). Learned Treatises
Permission to use another part of admitted statement or record
- § 106(a). Remainder of Writings or Recorded Statements
ADVERSE WITNESS
Impeachment of
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Leading questions to examine
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(a), Note In General
AFFIRMATION OR OATH
- § 603. Oath or Affirmation to Testify Truthfully
ANCIENT DOCUMENTS
- § 803(16). Statements in Ancient Documents
- § 901(b)(8). Evidence About Ancient Documents
APPELLATE REVIEW
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
APPLICABILITY, EVIDENTIARY SECTIONS
- § 1101. Applicability of Evidentiary Sections
ATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGE
Adverse inference from, civil case
- § 525(a). Civil Case
Burden of proving
- § 502, Note . Attorney-Client Privilege
Corporations and shareholders
- § 502(c), Note. Who May Claim the Privilege
Defined
- § 502, Note. Attorney-Client Privilege
Definition of terms used regarding
- § 502(a) Definitions
Derivative attorney-client privilege
- § 502(a)(5), Note. Definitions
Exceptions
- § 502(d). Exceptions
General rule
§ 502(b). General Rule of Privilege
Jointly represented clients
- § 523(a), Note Who Can Waive
Law firms and clients
- § 502(c), Note. Who May Claim the Privilege
Not self-executing
- Article V, Intro. (c) Most Privileges Are Not Self-Executing
Waiver
- § 523(a), Note Who Can Waive
- § 523(b)(2), Note. Conduct Constituting Waiver
- § 523(c)(2), Note. Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Who may claim
Work-product doctrine
- § 502(d)(6), Note . Public Officer or Agency
AUTHENTICATION AND IDENTIFICATION
Generally
- § 901. Authenticating or Identifying Evidence
Attestation Requirement
- § 901(b)(1), Note. Testimony of a Witness with Knowledge
Of ancient documents
- § 901(b)(8). Evidence About Ancient Documents
Of electronic or digital communication
- § 901(b)(11). Electronic or Digital Communication
Of handwriting
- § 901(b)(2). Nonexpert Opinion About Handwriting
- § 901(b)(3), Note. Comparison by an Expert Witness or the Trier of Fact
Of non-admitted evidence
- §901, Note. Authenticating or Identifying Evidence
Of process or system
- § 901(b)(9) Evidence About a Process or System
Of public records or reports
- § 901(b)(7). Evidence About Public Records
Of signature
- § 903. Subscribing Witness’s Testimony
Of telephone conversation
- § 901(b)(6). Evidence About a Telephone Conversation
Of voice
- § 901(b)(5). Opinion About a Voice
Self-authentication
- § 902 Evidence That Is Self-Authenticating
B
BAPTISMAL CERTIFICATES
- § 803(12). Marriage, Baptismal, and Similar Certificates
BATTERED WOMAN SYNDROME
- § 702, Note Testimony by Expert Witnesses
BEHAVIOR, PAST
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
BENEVOLENT STATEMENTS
- § 409. Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases; Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses
BEST EVIDENCE RULE (REQUIREMENT OF ORIGINAL)
Admissibility of other evidence of contents
- § 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content
Admissions of parties
- § 1007. Testimony or Statement of Party to Prove Content
Applicability of
- § 1001(a), Note. Writings and Records
- § 1002, Note Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Duplicates
- § 1003. Admissibility of Duplicates
Electronic records
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Official records
- § 1005. Official Records
Originals, requirement of
- § 1002. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Role of judge and fact finder
- § 1008. Functions of Judge and Fact Finder
Summaries
- § 1006. Summaries to Prove Content
Writings/records defined
- § 1001. Definitions That Apply to This Article
BIAS
Cross-examination to show
- § 611(b)(2). Bias and Prejudice
- § 613(a)(4), Note. Collateral Matter
Extrinsic proof to show
- § 613(a)(4), Note. Collateral Matter
Of complainant
- § 412(b)(3), Note. Exceptions
Of expert witness
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Of judge in questioning witness
- § 614(b), Note. Examining by Court
Of juror
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
- § 1116(a) General Principles
Of spouse testifying against his or her spouse
- § 504(b)(2). Exceptions, (H)
Of witness
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
- § 411. Insurance
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 611(b)(2), Note. Bias and Prejudice
- § 613(b)(2). Exception
- § 801(d)(1)(B), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
BLOOD ALCOHOL/BREATHALYZER TESTS
Admission of
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Evidence regarding accuracy
- § 611(f), Note . Reopening
Expert testimony
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Failure to take properly as evidence
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
Reference to, in opening statement
- § 1113(d), Note Duty of the Court
Refusal as evidence
- § 511(a)(2), Note Refusal Evidence
- § 801(a), Note. Statement
BOUNDARIES, REPUTATION CONCERNING
- § 803(20). Reputation Concerning Boundaries or General History
BOWDEN DEFENSE
- § 702, Note Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 1105, Note Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1107, Note Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
BUSINESS RECORDS
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- § 803(6). Business and Hospital Records
- § 803(6)(A), Note . Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 902(i), Note. Commercial Paper and Related Documents
- § 1115(b)(5). Police Reports
C
CARE AND PROTECTION CASES
- § 1115 Evidentiary Issues in Care and Protection and Termination of Parental Rights Cases
CERTIFICATES
Attested to by experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Death certificate
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- § 803(8), Note. Official/Public Records and Reports
From registry of motor vehicles
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Of baptism
- § 803(12). Marriage, Baptismal, and Similar Certificates
Of copy of official/public record
- § 901(b)(7)(B), Note Copies
- § 901(b) Domestic Official Records Not Under Seal
- § 901(c) Foreign Official Records
- § 1005(a)(1) Domestic
- § 1005(a)(2) Foreign
Of drug analysis
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Of marriage
- § 803(9), Note Public Records of Vital Statistics
- § 803(12). Marriage, Baptismal, and Similar Certificates
- § 804(b)(7), Note. Religious Records
Of working firearm
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2) . Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Prima facie evidence
- § 302(c), Note. Prima Facie Evidence
CHAIN OF CUSTODY
- § 402, Note. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
CHARACTER EVIDENCE
Admissibility of
- § 404. Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
- § 803(21). Reputation Concerning Character
Essential element
- § 405(b). By Specific Instances of Conduct
For truthfulness
- § 404(a)(3). Exceptions for a Witness
Generally
- § 404(a). Character Evidence
Of defendant
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case, (A)
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
- § 608(a), Note. Reputation Evidence
Of victim
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
Of witness
- § 404(a)(3). Exceptions for a Witness
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
Other crimes, wrongs, or acts
- § 404(b). Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Proof of character
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
Reputation
CHARACTER TRAIT
Admissibility
- § 404(a). Character Evidence
Defendant
- § 608(a), Note Reputation Evidence
Essential element
- § 405(b). By Specific Instances of Conduct
Proof
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
Reputation as evidence of
- § 405(a). By Reputation
CHILD ABUSE
Department of Children and Families (DCF) reports
- § 1115(b)(2)(A), Note. G. L. c. 119, § 51A, Reports
Drug and alcohol treatment records
- § 1115(b)(3) . Drug and Alcohol Treatment Records
Psychotherapist-patient privilege
- § 503(d)(7). Child Abuse or Neglect
Religious privilege
- § 510(c). Child Abuse
Sexual abuse
- § 503(d)(7). Child Abuse or Neglect
- § 803(24). Out-of-Court Statement of Child Describing Sexual Contact in Proceeding to Place Child in Foster Care
- § 1115(d). Children’s Out-of-Court Statements
Spousal disqualification
- § 504(b)(2). Exceptions, (D)
Spousal privilege
- § 504(a)(3). Exceptions
CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE
Of authenticity or identity of an item
- § 901(a), Note. In General
Of declarant’s guilt
- § 804(b)(3), Note. Statement Against Interest
Of declarant’s state of mind
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Of identity of person
- § 901(b)(5), Note. Opinion About a Voice
Of nature of a place or a thing
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
CIVIL CASES
Abuse of discretion
- § 102, Note . Purpose and Construction
Claims of privilege
- § 525(a) Civil Case
Closing argument
- § 1113(b). Closing Argument
Compromise offers and negotiations
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b). Civil Cases
Disclosure of facts/data by expert witness
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
Expert testimony, basis of
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Expert witnesses
- § 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- § 706. Court-Appointed Experts
Expressions of sympathy
- § 409(a) Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases
Industry and safety standards
- § 414 Industry and Safety Standards
Inferences
Judicial admissions
- § 611(g)(1), Note. Form and Effect
Judicial notice
Jury exposure to extraneous material
- § 606(b), Note During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Opening statement
- § 1113(a). Opening Statement
Peremptory challenges of potential jurors
- § 1116 Peremptory Challenges of Potential Jurors
Presumptions
- § 301(d). Presumptions
Prima facie evidence
- § 301(c). Prima Facie Evidence
Privilege against self-incrimination
- § 511(b) . Privilege of a Witness
Scope of cross-examination
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
Sequestration of witnesses
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Spoliation or destruction of evidence
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Spousal disqualification
- § 504(b)(1) General Rule
Statements of facts of general interest
- § 803(17). Statements of Facts of General Interest
Statutory hearsay exceptions
- § 804(b)(5). Statutory Exceptions in Civil Cases
Ultimate issue
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Views
- § 1109. View
CIVIL COMMITMENT HEARING
- §1117. Civil Commitment Hearings for Mental Illness
- §1118. Civil Commitment Hearings for Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders
CLOSING ARGUMENT
Asking jurors for justice for victim
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Asking jurors to use common sense, apply common experience
- § 1113(b)(1), Note. Critical Stage
Attacking credibility
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Burden of proof
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument, (E)
Collateral sources/outside source of compensation
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Commenting on criminal defendant’s silence or testimony
- § 1113(b)(2), Note . Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Commenting on defendant’s courtroom appearance or conduct
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Commenting that witness has no motive to lie
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Critical stage of trial
- § 1113(b)(1). Critical Stage
Denigrating of constitutional rights
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Improper argument
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument
Improper vouching
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Jurors
- § 1113(b)(1), Note. Critical Stage
- § 1113(b)(2). Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument
Measures to prevent improper argument
- § 1113(d), Note . Duty of the Court
Missing witness, arguments concerning
- § 1111(a), Note. Argument by Counsel
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Misstatements of law
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument, (E)
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Misstating evidence
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument, (A)
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Permissible argument
- § 1113(b)(2). Permissible Argument
Prearrest silence, use of for impeachment purposes
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Reading from or quoting transcript or stipulation
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Permissible Argument
Reference to damages
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Reference to evidence as uncontradicted or uncontested
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note . Improper Argument
Reference to facts not in evidence
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument, (A)
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Reference to plea agreement
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
Reference to view
- § 1113(b)(1), Note. Critical Stage
Resort to stereotypes
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Responses to improper argument
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
Retaliatory reply
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Permissible Argument
Shifting the burden of proof
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Statements concerning role of jury
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Time allowed
- § 1113(b), Note Closing Argument
Use of chalks
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Use of evidence admitted for a limited purpose
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Use of props
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Use of rhetorical questions
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
COLLATERAL SOURCE RULE
- § 411, Note. Insurance
COMMON INTEREST DOCTRINE
- § 502(b), Note. General Rule of Privilege
COMMUNICATIONS, PRIVILEGED
See PRIVILEGES AND DISQUALIFICATIONS
COMPETENCY OF WITNESS
Court, discretion of
- § 601(c). Preliminary Questions
Court personnel
- § 605. Competency of Judge as Witness
Criminal defendant
- § 511(a)(3), Note Compelled Examination
- § 601, Note. Competency
Expert
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
General rule
- § 601. Competency
Judge
- § 605. Competency of Judge as Witness
Juror
- § 606. Juror’s Competency as a Witness
Mental capacity
- § 601. Competency
Minor
COMPLETENESS, WRITTEN AND ORAL
- § 106. Doctrine of Completeness
COMPROMISE
Admissibility
- § 408 Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Negotiations
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
- § 409(b). Payment of Medical and Similar Expenses
Offers to
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
- § 409(b). Payment of Medical and Similar Expenses
CONDUCT
Habit
- § 406. Routine Practice of a Business; Habit of an Individual
Of defendant
- § 1110(a). Criminal Cases
Of trial
- § 611(a). Control by the Court
Of witness
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
Past behavior
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Personal knowledge of
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
Routine practice as evidence of inadmissible conduct
- § 406. Routine Practice of a Business; Habit of an Individual
Sexual, prior
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Specific instances
CONFESSIONS
Admissibility of
- § 104(c). Conducting a Hearing So That the Jury Cannot Hear It
- § 402, Note General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Allied mental health or human services professional privilege
- § 508(d) Mental Health Counselor Exception, (2)
Of joint venturer
- § 801(d)(2)(E), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Psychotherapist-patient privilege
- § 503(d)(2) Court-Ordered Psychiatric Exam
Religious privilege
Social worker–client privilege
- § 507(c). Exceptions, (2)
Unrecorded
- § 511(a)(1) , Note. Custodial Interrogation
CONFRONTATION CLAUSE
Admission of party-opponent
- § 801(d)(2)(A) , Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Analysis
- Article VIII, Intro. Hearsay
Applicability of
- Article VIII, Intro. Hearsay
Availability of declarant
- § 803, Note. Hearsay Exceptions; Availability of Declarant Immaterial
- § 804, Note. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
Certificates
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Dying declarations
- § 804(b)(2) , Note. Statement Made Under the Belief of Imminent Death
Excited utterances of declarant who is not a witness at trial
- § 803(2), Note. Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Expert testimony
- § 703, Note, Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Forfeiture of, by wrongdoing
- § 804(b)(6) , Note. Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
Massachusetts law versus Federal law
- § 703, Note, Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (c). Massachusetts Law Versus Federal Law
Out-of-court statements
Prior recorded testimony
- § 804(b)(1), Note. Prior Recorded Testimony
Privileged communications
- § 506(b). Privilege
- § 523(c)(1), Note. Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Records and reports
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 803(8), Note. Official/Public Records and Reports
Safety concerns of witness
- § 501, Note. Privileges Recognized Only as Provided
Scope of cross-examination
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
Sequestration of defendant
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Sexual offender registry records
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Spousal disqualification
- § 504(b)(2)(H), Note. Exceptions
Statements of nontestifying codefendant
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
State-of-mind evidence
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Testimonial versus nontestimonial statements
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1). Testimonial Versus Nontestimonial; the Primary Purpose Test
Testimony from witness outside defendant’s presence
- § 509(b), Note . Surveillance Location
Waiver of right to confrontation
- § 703, Note, Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (d). Waiver of Right to Confrontation
CONSCIOUSNESS OF GUILT
Arguing during closing argument
- § 1113(b)(2), Note Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Conduct that may be offered as evidence
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Conduct that may not be offered as evidence
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Facts included in trial testimony but not in pretrial statement
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
False statements of defendant
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Generally
- § 1110(a). Criminal Cases
Jury instruction
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Rebuttal evidence
- § 1110(c). Rebuttal
Testimonial nature of evidence
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
Use of defendant’s prearrest conduct or silence
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
CONSCIOUSNESS OF INNOCENCE
- § 410, Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
CONSCIOUSNESS OF LIABILITY
Arguing during closing argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(A) , Note. Improper Argument
Conduct that may be offered as evidence
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Generally
- § 1110(b). Civil Cases
Jury instruction
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Rebuttal evidence
- § 1110(c). Rebuttal
CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, PROOF
Best evidence rule
- § 1002. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Copies
- § 1003. Admissibility of Duplicates
Other evidence
- § 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content
Summaries
- § 1006. Summaries to Prove Content
Testimony
- § 1007. Testimony or Statement of Party to Prove Content
CONVICTION
As evidence of character
Definition of, for purpose of impeachment
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Due process clause
- § 302(a), Note. Scope
- § 302(d)(1), Note. Presumptions
Evidence of
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Impeachment of witness by use of
Prior convictions of complainant
- § 412(b)(3), Note. Exceptions
Prior convictions of defendant
- § 103(f), Note. Motions in Limine
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 803(22). Judgment of a Previous Conviction
Proof of
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Restitution after
- § 1114(a), Note. Nature and Extent of Remedy
Role of prosecutor in obtaining
- § 1113(b)(2) , Note. Permissible Argument
Use of in sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1) . Hearsay That Is Admissible
Wrongful convictions
- § 1112(a), Note. Eyewitness Identification Generally
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Permissible Argument
COPIES, ADMISSIBILITY OF
- § 1002. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
- § 1003. Admissibility of Duplicate
- § 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content
- § 1005. Official Records
COURT
Appointment of experts
- § 706. Court-Appointed Experts
Calling of witnesses by
- § 614(a). Calling
Closing arguments
- § 1113(d). Duty of the Court
Court-appointed experts
- § 706. Court-Appointed Experts
Directing an offer of proof be made
- § 103(c). Court’s Statement About the Ruling; Directing an Offer of Proof
Discretion
- § 102, Note. Purpose and Construction
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
- § 521(b), Note. Privilege
- § 522, Note. Interpreter-Client Privilege
- § 601. Competency
- § 611(e). Scope of Subsequent Examination
- § 611 (f) . Reopening
- § 614(d) . Examining by Jurors
- § 803(17). Statements of Facts of General Interest
- § 901(b)(3), Note. Comparison by an Expert Witness or the Trier of Fact
- § 1109(a) Availability
- § 1113(a)(2) Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
- § 1115(b)(2)(D) . DCF Social Worker Investigation Reports
Examining of witness by
- § 614(b). Examining by Court
Expert testimony, discretion as to
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Function
- § 1008. Functions of Judge and Fact Finder
Opening statements
- § 1113(d). Duty of the Court
Reopening case, discretion to
- § 611(f). Reopening
Statement about evidence, objection, or ruling
- § 103(c). Court’s Statement About the Ruling; Directing an Offer of Proof
COURTROOM EXPERIMENTS AND DEMONSTRATIONS
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
CREDIBILITY OF WITNESS
Attacking credibility
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Attorney commenting on, in closing argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note . Improper Argument
Collateral source payments and
- § 411, Note. Insurance
Complainant/alleged victim
- § 411(a), Note . Prohibited Uses
- § 413 . First Complaint of Sexual Assault
- § 1113(b)(3)(C) , Note. Improper Argument
Cross-examination on
- § 611(b)(1). In General
Defendant
- § 104(d) Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 1101(d) , Note. Motions to Suppress
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Disputes as to
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Evidence relevant to
- § 104(e). Evidence Relevant to Weight and Credibility
Experts
- § 702 , Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Impeachment of
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
- § 609. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Improper vouching
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
No motive to lie
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Offers to compromise and
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
On preliminary question of fact
- § 104(a) , Note. In General
Opinion of other witness
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 1101(c)(3), Note. Certain Other Proceedings
- § 1115(c)(1), Note. Court Investigation Reports
- § 1115(e)(7), Note. Experts
Personal opinion of attorney about
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument, (B)
Prior inconsistent statements and
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Recent contrivance and
- § 613(b), Note. Prior Consistent Statements
Rehabilitation of
- § 801(d)(1)(B) , Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Religious beliefs and
- § 610. Religious Beliefs or Opinions
Trier of fact as judge of
- § 601(c). Preliminary Questions
Witness cooperation agreements and
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
CRIMES
Conviction of
Crime-fraud exception
- § 502(d)(1). Furtherance of Crime or Fraud
Evidence of other
Evidence third-party committed
- § 1105 . Third-Party Culprit Evidence
Restitution
- § 1114 Restitution
Violation of G. L. c. 209A order punishable as
- § 1106, Note Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceeding
CRIMINAL CASES
Abuse of discretion
- § 102, Note . Purpose and Construction
Access to third-party records
- Article V, Intro. (g). Production of Presumptively Privileged Records from Nonparties Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
- § 1108. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
Admissibility of records
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 803(8), Note. Official/Public Records and Reports
Admission of party-opponent
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Certificates
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Character evidence of accused
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case, (A)
Confrontation clause (see CONFRONTATION CLAUSE)
Consciousness of guilt (see CONSCIOUSNESS OF GUILT)
Consciousness of innocence
- § 410, Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Disclosure of facts, data by expert witness
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
Excited utterance, confrontation of
- § 803(2), Note. Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Exclusion of witnesses
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Expert testimony, basis of
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Expert witnesses
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Identity of informer
- § 509(a) . Identity of Informer
Identity of protected witness
- § 509(c) . Protected Witness
Inadequate police investigation
- § 1107. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Inferences
- § 302(b). Inferences
Judicial notice of facts
- § 201 . Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts
Judicial notice of law
- § 202. Judicial Notice of Law
Missing witness
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Out-of-court statements
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 804, Note . Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
Presumptions
- § 302(d). Presumptions
Prima facie evidence
- § 302(c). Prima Facie Evidence
Rebuttal evidence
- § 611(d). Rebuttal Evidence
Reopening
- § 611(f), Note. Reopening
Restitution
- § 1114. Restitution
Scope of cross-examination
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
Sexual assault cases (see SEXUAL ASSAULT)
Spoliation or destruction of evidence
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Statements against interest
- § 804(b)(3), Note . Statement Against Interest
Stipulations
- § 611(g). Stipulations
Substantial risk of a miscarriage of justice
- § 103(e). Substantial Risk of a Miscarriage of Justice in Criminal Cases
Suppressed statement used to impeach
- § 511(d) . Use of Suppressed Statements
Suppressed statement used to refresh witness’s memory
- § 612(b)(3). Suppressed Statement
Third-party culprit
- § 807 . Residual Exception
- § 1105. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1107 , Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Third-party records
- § 1108. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
Ultimate issue opinion
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Unavailable witness
- § 804(a)(4), Note . Criteria for Being Unavailable
Views
- § 1109. View
Work-product doctrine
- § 502(d)(6) , Note. Public Officer or Agency
CROSS-EXAMINATION
Abuse prevention and harassment prevention proceedings
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Bias
- § 611(b)(2). Bias and Prejudice
By court
- § 614(b) . Examining by Court
Care and protection and termination of parental rights cases
- § 1115(b)(2)(B), Note. G. L. c. 119, § 51B, Investigation Reports
- § 1115(b)(2)(D). DCF Social Worker Investigation Reports
- § 1115(c)(1), Note. Court Investigation Reports
- § 1115(d)(1), Note. Statements Not Related to Sexual Abuse
- § 1115(e)(2), Note. Foster/Preadoptive Parents
- § 1115(e)(3). Parents Called by Adverse Party
Character witness
- § 405(a). By Reputation
Complainant in sexual assault case
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Confrontation clause (see CONFRONTATION CLAUSE)
Conviction of crime
- § 609. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Defendant
- § 104(d). Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 511(c)(1). Waiver by Defendant’s Testimony
Defendant’s character witness
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
Defendant’s right to in criminal cases
- Article VIII, Intro. (a) . Confrontation Clause and Hearsay in Criminal Cases
Exclusion of evidence
- § 103(a)(2), Note. Preserving Claim of Error
Expert witness
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- § 803(18)(B) , Note. Use in Cross-Examination of Experts
Eyewitness
- § 1112(d). Testimony of Third-Party Observer
Fairness to Commonwealth
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
For impeachment purposes
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 405(a). By Reputation
- § 511(d) . Use of Suppressed Statements
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Leading questions
- § 611(c). Leading Questions
Limitation on, of experts
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
Limits on length of
- § 611(a) , Note. Control by the Court
Meaningful opportunity for
- § 703 , Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Mode and order of examining witnesses
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
Prior statements
- § 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
- § 801(d)(1). A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement, (A)
Reasonable basis for
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
Recross-examination
- § 611(e). Scope of Subsequent Examination
Regarding facts or data underlying expert opinion
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3) . Expert Testimony
Regarding object or writing used to refresh memory
- § 612(a)(2). Production and Use
Restitution hearing
- § 1114(b). Procedural Requirements
Scope of
- § 104(d), Note. Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 412(b)(3) , Note. Exceptions
- § 511(c)(1), Note. Waiver by Defendant’s Testimony
- § 611(b). Scope of Cross-Examination
- § 611(e). Scope of Subsequent Examination
Sexual assault counselor
- § 506(b). Privilege
Sexual behavior or sexual reputation
- § 412(b)(3) , Note. Exceptions
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(a), Note . In General
- § 1103(b), Note . Proceedings
Unavailable declarant
- § 804(a)(1), Note . Criteria for Being Unavailable
- § 804(b)(1) . Prior Recorded Testimony
- § 804(b)(8)(C) . Reliability of Statement
- § 804(b)(9)(C) . Reliability of Statement
CUMULATIVE EVIDENCE
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
CURATIVE ADMISSIBILITY
- § 106(b). Curative Admissibility
CURATIVE INSTRUCTIONS
D
DAMAGES
Admissibility of collateral source payments in determining
- § 411, Note. Insurance
Admissibility of evidence of damages sought
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Admissibility of medical report of deceased physician in determining
- § 804(b)(5)(D). Reports of Deceased Physicians in Tort Actions
Admissibility of settlement with another defendant in determining
- § 411, Note. Insurance
For breach of doctor-patient confidentiality
- Article V, Intro. (f)(1). Patient Medical Information
Mitigation of
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Reference to damages during closing argument
- § 1113(b)(2). Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
DECLARANT
Availability
- Article VIII, Intro. (b). Confrontation Clause Inapplicable
- § 803. Hearsay Exceptions; Availability of Declarant Immaterial
- § 804. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
Care and protection case reports
- § 1115(c)(1), Note . Court Investigation Reports
Credibility, attacking or supporting
- § 806. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
Defined
- § 801(b). Declarant
Motive of
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(B). The Formality of the Statements and the Actions of the Parties Involved
Multiple out-of-court declarants
- § 805 , Note. Hearsay Within Hearsay
Statements to law enforcement agent
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(A). Whether an Emergency Exists
State of mind of
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
Third-party testimony of
- § 1112(d), Note. Testimony of Third-Party Observer
DEFENDANT
Admissibility of postarrest, post-Miranda silence
- § 511(a)(1), Note. Custodial Interrogation
Admission/adoption by silence
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Blood alcohol tests and refusal of
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
- § 801(a), Note. Statement
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Blood sample-DNA match
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Burden of proof and
Challenges to the sufficiency of an affidavit
- § 509(a), Note . Identity of Informer
Character of
- § 404. Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
- § 608(a), Note. Reputation Evidence
Closing argument
- § 1113(b), Note. Closing Argument
Claim of privilege
- § 525(b) . Criminal Case
Competency of
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
- § 601, Note. Competency
Consciousness of guilt
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 1110(a). Criminal Cases
Consciousness of innocence
- § 410 , Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Courtroom appearance and conduct
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Criminal responsibility examination
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Cross-examination of
- § 104(d). Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
Custodial interrogation
- § 511(a)(1) , Note. Custodial Interrogation
Denial of
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Denigration of constitutional rights
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Entrapment defense
- § 509(a), Note . Identity of Informer
Ethnic or racial bias against
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Eyewitness identification of
- § 1112. Eyewitness Identification
Failure to call witness
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Impeachment of
- § 104(d), Note . Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 511(d) . Use of Suppressed Statements
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note . Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 1101(d), Note . Motions to Suppress
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note . Improper Argument
Intent of
- § 503(d)(3), Note. Patient Raises the Issue of Own Mental or Emotional Condition as an Element of Claim or Defense
Lack of criminal responsibility
- § 302, Note . Criminal Cases
Lost or destroyed evidence and
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Martin hearing, presence at
- § 511(b), Note. Privilege of a Witness
Mental or emotional condition of
- § 503(d)(3), Note. Patient Raises the Issue of Own Mental or Emotional Condition as an Element of Claim or Defense
Opening statement of
- § 103(a), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error.§ 1113(a), Note. Opening Statement
- § 1113(a), Note. Opening Statement
- § 1113(a)(1) , Note. Purpose
Pleas
- § 410. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
Prearrest silence
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note . Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Presumption of sanity
- § 302, Note . Criminal Cases
Presumptions, generally
- § 302(d). Presumptions
Privilege against self-incrimination
- § 511. Privilege Against Self-Incrimination
Psychotherapist-patient privilege
- § 503(d)(3), Note . Patient Raises the Issue of Own Mental or Emotional Condition as an Element of Claim or Defense
Refusal to take test or supply police with real or physical evidence
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
Restitution by
- § 1114. Restitution
Right not to testify
- § 104(d). Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 525(b). Criminal Case, (1)
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Right to confront witnesses (see CONFRONTATION CLAUSE )
Right to fair trial
- § 413(a), Note . Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 1116(a), Note . General Principles
Right to offer evidence
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
Right to present complete defense
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 412(b)(3), Note . Exceptions
Right to trial by jury
- § 201(c), Note. When Taken
- § 1116(a), Note . General Principles
Sequestration of
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Statements made at suppression hearings
- § 104(d), Note Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 1101(d), Note Motions to Suppress
Statements made during competency examination
- § 511(a)(3) Note. Compelled Examination
Substantial risk of a miscarriage of justice and
- § 103(e), Note. Substantial Risk of a Miscarriage of Justice in Criminal Cases
Suppressed statements, use of
- § 511(d) Use of Suppressed Statements
Testimony of
- § 104(d). Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note . An Opposing Party’s Statement
Third-party culprit evidence
- § 807 Residual Exception
- § 1105. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Unfair prejudice and
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
View, presence at
- § 1109(b) . Conduct
Voluntariness of statement
- § 104(a), Note. In General
- § 511(a)(1) , Note. Custodial Interrogation
- § 511(d), Note . Use of Suppressed Statements
Waiver of right to confrontation
- Article VIII, Intro. (d). Waiver of Right to Confrontation
Witness cooperation agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
DEFINITIONS
Declarant
- § 801(b). Declarant
Hearsay
- § 801(c). Hearsay
Original/duplicate
- § 1001. Definitions That Apply to This Article
Records
- § 1001. Definitions That Apply to This Article
Relevant evidence
- § 401. Test for Relevant Evidence
Statement
- § 801(a). Statement
Victim, for purposes of rape-shield law
- § 412(d). Definition of “Victim”
Writings
- § 1001. Definitions That Apply to This Article
DELIBERATIONS
Of judge
- § 527. Judicial Deliberation Privilege
Of jury
- § 606(b). During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
- § 1116(a), Note . General Principles
Of legislator
- Article V, Intro. (h)(2). Legislative Deliberation Privilege
Of medical peer review committee
- § 513(b)(1). Proceedings, Reports, and Records of Medical Peer Review Committee
- § 513(d). Testimony Before Medical Peer Review Committee
DESTRUCTION OF EVIDENCE
As evidence of consciousness of guilt
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
As evidence of consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Exclusion of other evidence as sanction
- § 103(g), Note. Exclusion as Sanction
Judge’s discretion to impose sanctions
- § 1102. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
DETERMINATIONS
Admissibility
- § 105. Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes
- § 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Preliminary
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
- § 901(b)(11). Electronic or Digital Communication
DIRECT EXAMINATION
Cross-examination not limited to scope of
- § 511(c)(1), Note. Waiver by Defendant’s Testimony
- § 611(b)(1) . In General
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
Denial of
- § 103(a)(2), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
Leading questions
- § 611(c). Leading Questions
Limits on length of
- § 611(a) , Note. Control by the Court
Manner and order of
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
Of expert witnesses
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
On plea agreement
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
Prior consistent statements during
- § 613(b), Note. Prior Consistent Statements
Redirect examination (see REDIRECT EXAMINATION )
Testimony about prior criminal conviction during
Using treatise to bolster
- § 803(18)(b), Note . Use in Cross-Examination of Experts
DISCLOSURE OF FACTS, EXPERT WITNESS
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
DISCOVERY
Electronic
- § 523(c)(2), Note. Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Inadvertent disclosure during
- § 523(c)(2), Note. Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Of communications between allied mental health professional and client
- § 508(e). Exception
Of communications between domestic violence counselor and victim
Of communications between psychotherapist and patient
- § 503(d)(8). Exception
Of communications between sexual assault counselor and victim
Of communications between social worker and client
- § 507(c). Exceptions, (9)
Of documentation of basis of expert’s opinion
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Of identity and location of protected witness
- § 509(c). Protected Witness, (1)
Of investigatory information of law enforcement
- § 515, Note. Investigatory Privilege
Of medical peer review committee proceedings, reports, and records
Of sealed criminal record
- § 609 , Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Of tax returns
- § 519. State and Federal Tax Returns
Of third-party records
- § 1108, Note. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
Of trade secrets
- § 517, Note. Trade Secrets
Pretrial discovery
- § 1108, Note. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
Reciprocal discovery process for criminal responsibility examinations
- § 511(a)(3), Note . Compelled Examination
Rising cost of
- § 523(c)(2), Note. Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Using cross-examination for
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Violation of a discovery rule
- § 103(g). Exclusion as Sanction
Work-product doctrine
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
DNA
Analysts
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3) . Expert Testimony
Collection of samples
- § 703 , Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3) . Expert Testimony
- § 1105, Note . Third-Party Culprit Evidence
Distinction between nonexclusion and inconclusive
- § 702 , Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Expert testimony regarding
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Inconclusive results
- § 702, Note . Testimony by Expert Witnesses
“Likelihood ratios”
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Match
- § 702 , Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1) . Testimonial Versus Nontestimonial; the Primary Purpose Test
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Nuclear DNA analysis
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Profiles
Substitute analyst
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Testing process
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
DOCUMENTS
Affecting interest in property, records of
- § 803(14). Records or Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
Affecting interest in property, statements in
- § 803(15). Statements in Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
Ancient
- § 803(16). Statements in Ancient Documents
- § 901(b)(8). Evidence About Ancient Documents
Attorney-client privilege
- § 523(c)(2), Note . Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Confidentiality statutes regarding
- Article V, Intro. (f)(5) . Certain Documents, Records, and Reports
Department of Children and Families documents
- § 1115(b)(2)(B), Note. G. L. c. 119, § 51B, Investigation Reports
- § 1115(b)(2)(C), Note. DCF Service Plans, Affidavits, Foster Care Review Reports, Case Review Reports, and Family Assessments
Discovery
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
- § 523(c)(2), Note . Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Foreign public
- § 902(c). Foreign Official Records
Held by State agency
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
Impounding versus sealing
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
In sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103, Note. Proceedings
Of medical peer review committee
- § 513 . Medical Peer Review Privilege
Of third-party
- § 1108, Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
- § 1108(a). Filing and Service of the Motion
- § 1108(b), The Lampron Hearing and Findings (1)
- § 1108(b), Note. The Lampron Hearing and Findings
Public records
- § 901(b)(7) . Evidence About Public Records
Requirement of original (best evidence rule)
- § 1002 . Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Settlement documents
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Summaries of
- § 1006, Note. Summaries to Prove Content
Tax returns
- § 519 State and Federal Tax Returns
Work-product doctrine
- § 502(d)(6), Note . Public Officer or Agency
Writings and records
- § 1001(a). Writings and Records
E
ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION
- § 901(b)(11). Electronic or Digital Communication
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
ENTRAPMENT DEFENSE
- § 509(a) , Note. Identity of Informer
- § 901(b)(11), Note. Electronic or Digital Communication
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
EVIDENCE
Abuse
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
Admissibility (see ADMISSIBILITY )
Ballistics identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Battered woman syndrome
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Best evidence rule (see BEST EVIDENCE RULE )
Blood alcohol tests and refusal of
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
- § 801(a), Note. Statement
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Character
Character trait
Circumstantial (see CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE )
Competent
- § 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Computer simulations
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Concealment of evidence
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Consciousness of guilt
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 1110(a). Criminal Cases
Consciousness of innocence
- § 410 , Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b). Civil Cases
Constitutional considerations
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 1105, Note. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
Courtroom experiments and demonstrations
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Credibility of
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Criminal profile evidence versus character evidence
- § 404(a), Note . Character Evidence
Cumulative
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Destruction of
- § 103(g), Note. Exclusion as Sanction
- § 1102. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Discovery (see DISCOVERY )
DNA (see DNA )
Exclusion of (see EXCLUSION OF EVIDENCE)
Expert (see EXPERT TESTIMONY; EXPERT WITNESSES)
Expressions of sympathy as
- § 409. Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases; Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses
Extrapolation to determine weight of drugs
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Extrinsic
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
- § 610. Religious Beliefs or Opinions
- § 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
Fingerprint identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Firearm/ballistics identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
First complaint
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
Forensics
Guidelines, scope of
- § 102. Purpose and Construction
Inadequate police investigation
- § 1107. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Industry and safety standards
- § 414. Industry and Safety Standards
Material
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Medical malpractice actions
- § 409(c). Medical Malpractice Claims
“Missing”
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
- § 1111(a), Note. Argument by Counsel
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Nonverbal conduct
Offered for nonhearsay purpose
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
Other crimes, wrongs, or acts
- § 404(b). Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Prejudicial
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Presentation of
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
Probative value
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Rebuttal (see REBUTTAL )
Relevant
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof§ 104(b). Relevance That Depends on a Fact
- § 104(e). Evidence Relevant to Weight and Credibility
- § 401. Test for Relevant Evidence
- § 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Retrograde extrapolation to estimate blood alcohol content
- § 702 , Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Routine practice
- § 406. Routine Practice of a Business; Habit of an Individual
SAIN evidence/Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Scope of
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Sexual behavior or reputation
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Similar occurrences
- § 403 , Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Spoliation of
- § 1102. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Suppression of (see SUPPRESSION )
Third-party culprit
- § 807 . Residual Exception
- § 1105. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1107 , Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Unnecessarily time consuming
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Weight of (see WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE )
EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES
See CROSS-EXAMINATION ; DIRECT EXAMINATION
EXCEPTIONS, HEARSAY RULE
See HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS
EXCITED UTTERANCE
- § 803(2). Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
EXCLUSION OF EVIDENCE
As sanction
- § 103(g) . Exclusion as Sanction Discretion of trial judge
- § 102, Note. Purpose and Construction§ 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Cumulative evidence
- § 403 , Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Discretion of trial judge
- § 102 , Note. Purpose and Construction
- § 103 . Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
- § 401 , Note. Test for Relevant Evidence
- § 403 , Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion,Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 412(b)(3) , Note. Exceptions
- § 413(a) , Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 702 , Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Evidence of insurance
- § 411. Insurance
Expert testimony
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703, Note . Bases of Opinion Testimony
Exploitation of by counsel
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Expressions of opinion, evaluation, or judgment from official records
- § 1115(b)(2)(B), Note. Department of Children and Families (DCF) Records and Report
General rule
- § 403 , Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Nonverbal conduct
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
Offered for impeachment
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
Prior bad acts/convictions
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Reasons for
- § 402, Note. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Rulings on
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b) . Proceedings
Specific instances of complainant’s sexual conduct
- § 412(b)(3) , Note. Exceptions
Statements made during plea negotiations
- § 410, Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
Subsequent remedial measures
- § 407(a), Note . Routine Practice of a Business
Testimony regarding behavioral characteristics of sexual abuse victims
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Third-party culprit evidence
- § 1105, Note. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
Under first complaint doctrine
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Unnecessarily suggestive identifications
- § 1112(a), Note. Eyewitness Identification Generally
Voice identification
- § 901(b)(5), Note. Opinion About a Voice
EXCLUSION OF WITNESSES
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
EXPERT TESTIMONY
Ballistics identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Basis of
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3) . Expert Testimony
Battered woman syndrome
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Behavioral characteristics of sexual abuse victims
- § 704 , Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Blood alcohol tests
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Blood sample-DNA match
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Care and protection and termination of parental rights cases
- § 1115(e)(7). Experts
Certitude of
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Confrontation of
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Development of adolescent brain
- § 702 , Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Disclosure of facts, data
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3) . Expert Testimony
Discretion of court
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Exclusion of, as sanction
- § 103(g), Note . Exclusion as Sanction
Extrapolation to determine weight of drugs
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Eyewitness identification
- § 1112(e). Expert Testimony
Fingerprint identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Firearm/ballistics identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Five foundation requirements
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Forensics
Illustrations
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Inaccurate forensic analysis
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
On lack of criminal responsibility/competency
- § 302, Note . Criminal Cases
- § 511(a)(3). Note . Compelled Examination
On possibility
- § 702, Note . Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On tests performed and data collected by others
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Reliability of
Retrograde extrapolation to estimate blood alcohol content
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(a), Note . In General
- § 1103(b), Note . Proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1), Note . Hearsay That Is Admissible
Substituted experts
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Termination of parental rights and care and protection cases
- § 1115(e)(7). Experts
Ultimate issue
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
EXPERT WITNESSES
Certitude of opinion
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Competency
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Court-appointed
- § 706. Court-Appointed Experts
Cross-examination of
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Exclusion of
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Failure to consult or present
- § 702, Note . Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Failure to seek funds for
- § 706, Note . Court-Appointed Experts
Inaccurate forensic analysis by
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
In medical malpractice actions
- § 409(c). Medical Malpractice Claims
Method used by
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Opinions (see OPINIONS, EXPERT WITNESSES )
Personal knowledge of
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 705 , Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3) . Expert Testimony
Qualifications
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Role of
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Reliability of testimony
- § 103(f), Note . Motions in Limine
Substituted experts
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Testimony of (see EXPERT TESTIMONY)
EXPRESSIONS OF SYMPATHY
- § 409. Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases; Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses
EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION
Expert testimony concerning
- § 702, Note . Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 1112(e). Expert Testimony
Generally
- § 1112(a). Eyewitness Identification Generally
In-court identification
- § 1112(c). In-Court Identification
Jury instruction
- § 1112(f). Jury Instruction
Lineups
- § 1112(b)(2). Lineup
Out-of-court identification
- § 1112(b). Out-of-Court Identification
Photographic array
- § 1112(b)(1). Photographic Array
Showup
- § 1112(b)(3). Showup
- § 1112(c), Note. In-Court Identification
Testimony of third-party observer
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
- § 1112(d). Testimony of Third-Party Observer
F
FACTS
Adjudicative
- § 201. Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts
Judicial notice of
- § 201. Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts
Preliminary finding of
- § 104(a), Note. In General
Underlying expert opinion
- § 705 . Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
FAMILY RECORDS
- § 803(13). Family Records
FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
FIREARM/BALLISTICS IDENTIFICATION
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
FIREARM, DEFENSE OF LICENSE
- § 302, Note . Criminal Cases
FIRST AGGRESSOR (SELF-DEFENSE)
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case, (B)
FIRST COMPLAINT OF SEXUAL ASSAULT
Admissibility of
Admissibility of additional reports
- § 413(b) . Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Applicability of doctrine
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Determining first complaint witness
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Identifying
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Impeachment of first complaint witness
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Limiting jury instruction regarding
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Live witnesses
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Role of trial judge
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
SAIN evidence/Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Scope of doctrine
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Substitution of first complaint witness
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
FOREIGN OFFICIAL RECORDS, AUTHENTICATION
- § 902(c). Foreign Official Records
FORENSIC EVIDENCE
Inaccurate analysis
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Methods for testing
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
FORMER TESTIMONY, HEARSAY EXCEPTION
- § 804(b)(1). Prior Recorded Testimony
FOUNDATION, INTRODUCTION OF EVIDENCE
Authenticating or identifying evidence
- § 901. Authenticating or Identifying Evidence
Declarations of decedent
- § 804(b)(5)(A) , Note. Declarations of Decedent
Evidence conditionally admitted
Prior bad act evidence
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Prior inconsistent statements
- § 613(a). Prior Inconsistent Statements
Sexual abuse evidence
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Testimony by expert witnesses
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
G
GUILTY PLEAS
Of accomplice
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
Withdrawn
- § 410. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
H
HABIT, INADMISSIBLE AS EVIDENCE OF CONDUCT
- § 406. Routine Practice of a Business; Habit of an Individual
HARASSMENT OF WITNESS
HARASSMENT PREVENTION PROCEEDINGS
Generally
- § 1106, Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Harassment Defined
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
HEARINGS
Abuse prevention and harassment prevention proceedings
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Amral hearings
- § 509(a), Note. Identity of Informer
Applicability of evidentiary sections at
- § 1101. Applicability of Evidentiary Sections
Availability of declarant for
- § 804. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
Civil motor vehicle infraction hearings
- § 1101(c)(3) , Note. Certain Other Proceedings
Commitment hearings pursuant to G. L. c. 123, §§ 7, 8 and 35
- § 1101(c)(3) , Note. Certain Other Proceedings
Daubert-Lanigan hearings
Defendant’s right not to testify at
- § 511(a)(4). At a Hearing or Trial
Lampron hearings
- § 1108(b). The Lampron Hearing and Findings
Martin hearings
- § 511(b), Note. Privilege of a Witness
On admissibility of evidence of sexual behavior or reputation
- § 412(c)(2) . Hearing
On closing courtroom to public
- § 611(a), Note . Control by the Court
On expert testimony
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On reliability of the out-of-court statements
- § 804(b)(8)(C) . Reliability of Statement
- § 804(b)(9)(C) . Reliability of Statement
On third-party culprit information
- § 1107, Note . Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Precomplaint hearings
- § 1101(c)(3) , Note. Certain Other Proceedings
Preliminary
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Pretrial dangerousness hearing
- § 601, Note. Competency
- § 804(b)(1), Note. Prior Recorded Testimony
- § 1101(c)(3) , Note. Certain Other Proceedings
Probable cause hearing
- § 801(d)(1). A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement, (A)
- § 804(b)(1), Note. Prior Recorded Testimony
- § 1103(b)(1), Note . Hearsay That Is Admissible
Probation violation hearing
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 1101(c)(3) , Note. Certain Other Proceedings
Restitution hearing
- § 1114(b). Procedural Requirements
Suppression hearings
- § 104(a) , Note. In General
- § 104(d) , Note. Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 511(c)(2) , Note. Waiver by Witness’s Testimony
- § 511(d) , Note. Use of Suppressed Statements
- § 1101(d) . Motions to Suppress
Unemployment hearing
- § 526 Unemployment Hearing Privilege
HEARSAY
Admissibility
- § 802. The Rule Against Hearsay
Availability of declarant (see HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, AVAILABILITY OF DECLARANT IMMATERIAL; HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, DECLARANT UNAVAILABLE)
Confrontation clause
- Article VIII, Intro. Hearsay
Credibility of declarant, attacking or supporting
- § 806. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
Defined
- § 801(c). Hearsay
Exceptions
- § 803. Hearsay Exceptions; Availability of Declarant Immaterial
- § 804. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
Hearsay within hearsay
- § 805. Hearsay Within Hearsay
Rule
- § 802. The Rule Against Hearsay
Unavailability of declarant
- § 804(a). Criteria for Being Unavailable
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS
Absence of public record
- § 803(10). Absence of Public Record
Ancient documents
- § 803(16). Statements in Ancient Documents
Availability of declarant (see HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, AVAILABILITY OF DECLARANT IMMATERIAL; HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, DECLARANT UNAVAILABLE)
Business records
- § 803(6)(A). Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Child statement out of court, civil proceeding
- § 803(24). Out-of-Court Statement of Child Describing Sexual Contact in Proceeding to Place Child in Foster Care
- § 804(b)(9). Out-of-Court Statement of Child Describing Sexual Contact in Civil Proceeding, Including Termination of Parental Rights
- § 1115(d). Children’s Out-of-Court Statements
Child statement out of court, criminal proceeding
- § 804(b)(8). Admissibility in Criminal Proceedings of a Child’s Out-of-Court Statement Describing Sexual Contact
Declarant unavailable (see HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, DECLARANT UNAVAILABLE)
Dying declaration
- § 804(b)(2). Statement Made Under the Belief of Imminent Death
Establishing foundation for business records
- §803(6)(a), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Excited utterance
- § 803(2). Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Existing mental, emotional or physical condition
- § 803(3). Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Family records
- § 803(13). Family Records
Forfeiture by wrongdoing
- § 804(b)(6). Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
Hospital records
- § 803(6)(B). Hospital Records
Identification
- § 801(d)(1). A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement, (C)
Judgment of prior conviction
- § 803(22). Judgment of a Previous Conviction
Learned treatises
- § 803(18). Learned Treatises
Marriage and baptism records
- § 803(12). Marriage, Baptismal, and Similar Certificates
Medical/hospital services
- § 803(6)(C). Medical and Hospital Services
Official/public records
- § 803(8). Official/Public Records and Reports
Other judgments
- § 803(23). Judgment as to Personal, Family, or General History, or Boundaries
Past recollection recorded
- § 803(5). Past Recollection Recorded
Present sense impression
- § 803(1). Present Sense Impression
Prior recorded testimony
- § 804(b)(1). Prior Recorded Testimony
Records affecting interest in property
- § 803(14). Records or Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
Records of religious organization
- § 803(11). Records of Religious Organizations
- § 804(b)(7). Religious Records
Reputation as to character
- § 803(21). Reputation Concerning Character
Reputation concerning boundaries
- § 803(20). Reputation Concerning Boundaries or General History
Reputation concerning family history
- § 803(19). Reputation Concerning Personal or Family History
Spontaneous utterance
- § 803(2). Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Statements against interest
- § 804(b)(3). Statement Against Interest
Statements for medical diagnosis or treatment
- § 803(4). Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment
Statements of facts of general interest
- § 803(17). Statements of Facts of General Interest
Statements of personal history
- § 804(b)(4). Statement of Personal History
Statutory exceptions for deceased persons
- § 804(b)(5). Statutory Exceptions in Civil Cases
Vital statistics
- § 803(9). Public Records of Vital Statistics
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, AVAILABILITY OF DECLARANT IMMATERIAL
Ancient documents, statements in
- § 803(16). Statements in Ancient Documents
Baptismal, marriage, and other certificates
- § 803(12). Marriage, Baptismal, and Similar Certificates
Boundaries, reputation concerning
- § 803(20). Reputation Concerning Boundaries or General History
Business records
- § 803(6). Business and Hospital Records
Character, reputation concerning
- § 803(21). Reputation Concerning Character
Documents or records affecting interest in property
- § 803(14). Records or Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
- § 803(15). Statements in Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
Excited utterance
- § 803(2). Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Family records
- § 803(13). Family Records
Medical treatment, statement for purposes of
- § 803(4). Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment
Mental, emotional, or physical condition
- § 803(3). Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Personal, family, or general history, judgments as to
- § 803(23). Judgment as to Personal, Family, or General History, or Boundaries
Present sense impression
- § 803(1). Present Sense Impression
Public records and reports
- § 803(8). Official/Public Records and Reports
Recorded recollection
- § 803(5). Past Recollection Recorded
Religious organization records
- § 803(11). Records of Religious Organizations
Residual exception
- § 807 . Residual Exception
Vital statistics records
- § 803(9). Public Records of Vital Statistics
HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS, DECLARANT UNAVAILABLE
Applicability
- § 804(a). Criteria for Being Unavailable
Prior recorded testimony
- § 804(b)(1). Prior Recorded Testimony
Statement against interest
- § 804(b)(3). Statement Against Interest
Statement of party incapable of testifying
- § 804(b)(6). Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
Statement of personal history
- § 804(b)(4). Statement of Personal History
Statement under belief of impending death
- § 804(b)(2). Statement Made Under the Belief of Imminent Death
Statutory exceptions in civil cases
- § 804(b)(5). Statutory Exceptions in Civil Cases
HEARSAY RULE
Applicability to sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b), Note . Proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1), Note . Hearsay That Is Admissible
Confrontation clause and
- Article VIII, Intro. Hearsay
Exceptions to
- § 803. Hearsay Exceptions; Availability of Declarant Immaterial
- § 804. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
Explained
Hearsay within hearsay
- § 805, Note. Hearsay Within Hearsay
Hospital records exception
- § 413(b) , Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Residual exception
- § 807 , Note. Residual Exception
Statutes and rules providing exceptions to
- § 802, Note. The Rule Against Hearsay
HEARSAY WITHIN HEARSAY
- § 805. Hearsay Within Hearsay
HOSTILE WITNESS
I
IDENTIFICATION
Double-blind procedure
- § 1112(b)(1)(A)(i), Note. Suppression of Identification
Expert testimony regarding
- § 1112(e). Expert Testimony
Eyewitness
- § 1112. Eyewitness Identification
Facts accompanying
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
In-court identification
- § 1112(c). In-Court Identification
Jury instructions
- § 1112(f) Jury Instruction
Lineups
- § 1112(b)(2). Lineup
Of evidence (see AUTHENTICATION AND IDENTIFICATION )
Out-of-court identification
- § 1112(b). Out-of-Court Identification
Photographic array
- § 1112(b)(1). Photographic Array
Showup
- § 1112(b)(3). Showup
- § 1112(c), Note. In-Court Identification
Suppression of
- § 1112(b)(1)(A). Suppression of Identification
Testimony of third-party observer
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
- § 1112(d). Testimony of Third-Party Observer
Unnecessarily suggestive
IMPEACHMENT
Adverse witness
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Bias
- § 611(b)(2). Bias and Prejudice
Character for truthfulness
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
Character witnesses
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 405(a). By Reputation
Conviction of crime
- § 609. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Credibility of plaintiff, using collateral source payments
- § 411, Note Insurance
Credibility of witness, using offer to compromise
- § 408, Note Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Credibility of witness, using witness cooperation agreement
- § 1104 Witness Cooperation Agreements
Declarant
- § 806. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
Defendant, with his or her prearrest/pretrial silence
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 1113(b)(3)(E) , Note. Improper Argument
Defendant, with statement suppressed because of Miranda violation
- § 511(d) . Use of Suppressed Statements
Defendant, with testimony at suppression hearing
- § 104(d), Note. Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 1101(d), Note. Motions to Suppress
Evidence of character
- § 608(a). Reputation Evidence
Evidence of conduct
- § 608(b). Specific Instances of Conduct
First complaint witness
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Generally
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Hearsay declarant
- § 806. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
Inconsistent statements
Juvenile adjudications
- § 609(a)(5). Juvenile Adjudications of Delinquency or Youthful Offender
Other witness
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Party witness
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Prior conviction
- § 609. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Prior statements
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
Prior writings
- § 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
Redaction
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Religious beliefs
- § 610. Religious Beliefs or Opinions
Specific instances of misconduct
- § 608(b). Specific Instances of Conduct
Suppressed statements, use of
- § 511(d) Use of Suppressed Statements
Verdict
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Who may impeach a witness
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Witness cooperation agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
IMPROPER VOUCHING
- § 704 . Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 1113(b)(3)(B) , Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C) , Note. Improper Argument
INADEQUATE POLICE INVESTIGATION
Generally
- § 1107. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Bowden defense
- § 1107, note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
INCONSISTENT STATEMENTS
Admissibility
- § 613(a). Prior Inconsistent Statements
As evidence of consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Impeachment by/credibility of witness
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 607 , Note. Who May Impeach a Witness
- § 613(a). Prior Inconsistent Statements
- § 613(b) , Note. Prior Consistent Statement
- § 801(c) , Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note . A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Medical malpractice actions
- § 409(c) . Medical Malpractice Claims
Prior statements that qualify as inconsistent
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
Statements of criminal defendant
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
Statements of hearsay declarant
- § 806 . Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
Statements of prosecutor
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note . An Opposing Party’s Statement
INDUSTRY AND SAFETY STANDARDS
- § 414. Industry and Safety Standards
INFERENCES
Adverse inference (see ADVERSE INFERENCE )
Arguing relevant inferences from evidence in closing argument
- § 1113(b)(2) . Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note . Improper Argument
Civil cases, generally
- § 301(b). Inferences
Commonwealth's burden
- § 302(a), Note. Scope
Criminal cases, generally
- § 302(b). Inferences
Defined
- § 301(b). Inferences
From claim of privilege
- § 525. Comment upon or Inference from Claim of Privilege
From evidence of consciousness of guilt or liability
- § 1110. Consciousness of Guilt or Liability
From inadequate police investigation
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
From party not calling witness
- § 1111. Missing Witness
From spoliation
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Of expert witness
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Of juror’s racial or ethnic bias
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
INFORMANTS, DISCLOSURE OF IDENTITY AND LOCATION OF
- § 509 . Identity of Informer, Surveillance Location, and Protected Witness Privileges
INSTRUCTIONS, JURY
Cautionary instructions
- § 525(b)(2), Note. Criminal Case
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
- § 1104, Note. Witness Cooperation Agreements
- § 1109(b), Note. Conduct
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
Consciousness of guilt
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Curative instructions
- § 103(a), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error.
- § 1113(c), Note. Objections
Examination of witnesses by jurors
- § 614(d) . Examining by Jurors
Eyewitness identification
- § 1112(a), Note. Eyewitness Identification Generally
- § 1112(f). Jury Instruction
First complaint
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Limiting instructions
- § 105. Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
- § 411, Note. Insurance
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 525(a), Note. Civil Case
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
“Missing evidence”
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Missing witness
- § 1111. Missing Witness
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Objections to
- § 103(a)(1), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
- § 1113(c). Objections
Preference for recording certain custodial interrogations
- § 511(a)(1) , Note. Custodial Interrogation
Refusal Evidence
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
State-of-mind evidence
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Third-party culprit evidence
- § 1105 , Note. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
INSURANCE
- § 411. Insurance
INTERPRETERS
Appointment of sign language interpreter
- § 521(b), Note . Privilege
Generally
- § 604. Interpreters
Interpreter-client privilege
- § 522. Interpreter-Client Privilege
Procedural issues
- § 522, Note . Interpreter-Client Privilege
Qualified sign language interpreter defined
- § 521(a)(2) . Qualified Interpreter
Right to assistance of
- § 522, Note . Interpreter-Client Privilege
Sign language interpreter–client privilege
- § 521. Sign Language Interpreter–Client Privilege
IRRELEVANT EVIDENCE, ADMISSIBILITY OF
Generally
- § 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Illustration of rule barring irrelevant evidence
- § 402, Note. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
J
JUDICIAL DELIBERATIONS
- § 527. Judicial Deliberation Privilege
JUDICIAL NOTICE
Of adjudicative facts
- § 201. Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts
Of law
- § 202. Judicial Notice of Law
Of information gained from active participation in related case
- §201(b)(2). Note. Kinds of Facts That May Be Judicially Noticed
Timing of
- § 201(c). When Taken
Versus official notice
- § 201(b)(2), Note. Kinds of Facts That May Be Judicially Noticed
JURORS
Attentiveness
- § 606(b). Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Bribing of
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Common sense; common experience
- § 1113(b)(1), Note. Critical Stage
- § 1113(b)(2) . Permissible Argument
Competence of as witnesses
- § 606(a). At the Trial
Contacting of, by attorneys
- § 606(b), Note . During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Discharge of during deliberations
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Discharge of during empanelment
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Discharge of during trial
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Emotions, sympathy of
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 1113(b)(2), Note Permissible Argument
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
Ethnic or racial bias or prejudice of
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
Extraneous matter introduced by
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Extraneous matter prior to discharge
- § 606(b). Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Improper appeals to
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument
Lack of genuineness
- §1116(b)(3). Note. Stage Three: Evaluation of Group Neutral Explanation
Misconduct of
- § 606(b). During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Peremptory challenges of
- § 1116 . Peremptory Challenges of Potential Jurors
Prima facie showing of discrimination
- §1116(b)(1). Note. Stage One: Prima Facie Case of Unlawful Discrimination
Sleeping jurors
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Sophistication of
- § 411, Note. Insurance
JURY
Common sense; common experience
- § 1113(b)(1), Note. Critical Stage
- § 1113(b)(2) . Permissible Argument
Credibility of
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Deadlocked
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Extraneous matter, exposure to/influenced by
- § 606(b) , Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Inadmissible evidence and
- § 103(d). Preventing the Jury or Witnesses from Hearing Inadmissible Evidence
Instructions (see INSTRUCTIONS, JURY )
Jury nullification
- § 1113(b)(3)(F), Note. Improper Argument
Misleading
- § 102, Note. Purpose and Construction
- § 403 . Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 803(5)(B) , Past Recollection Recorded
Preliminary questions and
- § 104(c). Conducting a Hearing So That the Jury Cannot Hear It
Reduction of verdict
- § 103(e) , Note. Substantial Risk of a Miscarriage of Justice in Criminal Cases
- § 411, Note . Insurance
JUVENILE ADJUDICATIONS, USE OF IN IMPEACHMENT
- § 609(a)(5). Juvenile Adjudications of Delinquency or Youthful Offender
L
LACK OF CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY
- § 302, Note . Criminal Cases
- § 503(d)(2), Note . Court-Ordered Psychiatric Exam
- § 511(a)(3), Note . Compelled Examination
LAMPRON-DWYER PROTOCOL
- Article V, Intro. (g). Production of Presumptively Privileged Records from Nonparties Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
- § 1108. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
LAY WITNESS, OPINION TESTIMONY
Generally
- § 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
Illustrations
- § 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
Opinion on ultimate issue
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
LEADING QUESTIONS
- § 611(c). Leading Questions
LIABILITY
Admissibility of records and reports as evidence of
- § 803(6)(B). Hospital Records
- § 803(9). Public Records of Vital Statistics
- § 804(b)(5)(D). Reports of Deceased Physicians in Tort Actions
Admissions of
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Consciousness of
- § 1110(b). Civil Cases
Expressions of sympathy and
- § 409(a). Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases
Fair report privilege as protection from
- Article V, Intro. (h)(3). Fair Report Privilege
Immunity from
- Article V, Intro. (h)(1). Immunity from Liability (Litigation Privilege)
- Article V, Intro. (h)(4). Communications with Board of Bar Overseers and Bar Counsel
- § 513, Note. Medical Peer Review Privilege
Insurance
- § 411. Insurance
Offers to compromise and
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Offers to pay medical expenses and
- § 409(b). Payment of Medical and Similar Expenses
Statements against interest and
- § 804(b)(3). Statement Against Interest
Statements of counsel regarding
- § 1113(b)(3). Improper Argument, (B)
LIMITING INSTRUCTION
See INSTRUCTIONS, JURY
LINEUPS
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
- § 1112(b)(2). Lineup
M
MARRIAGE CERTIFICATES
- § 803(12). Marriage, Baptismal, and Similar Certificates
MEDICAL AND HOSPITAL BILLS
Admissibility of
- § 411, Note. Insurance
- § 803(6)(C), Note. Medical and Hospital Services
- § 902(l). Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Itemized Bills and Reports
Authentication of
- § 902(l). Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Itemized Bills and Reports
- § 902(m). Copies of Bills for Genetic Marker Tests and for Prenatal and Postnatal Care
Payment of
MEDICAL MALPRACTICE ACTIONS
Evidence of medical bills covered by insurance
- § 411, Note. Insurance
Expert testimony
- § 409(c). Medical Malpractice Claims
Expressions of sympathy in
- § 409(c). Medical Malpractice Claims
Psychotherapist-patient privilege
- § 503(d)(6). Claim Against Psychotherapist
Use of learned treatises, published scientific opinion in
- § 803(18)(A). Use in Medical Malpractice Actions
- § 902(j), Note. Presumptions Created by Law
MEDICAL RECORDS AND REPORTS
Admissibility of
- § 803(4). Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 803(6)(B). Hospital Records
- § 803(6)(C), Medical and Hospital Services
- § 902(k) . Certified Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Treatment and Medical History
As basis of opinion testimony by experts
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Production of
- § 1108(c), Note. Summons and Notice to Record Holder
Reciprocal discovery process for criminal responsibility examinations
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Self-authenticating
- § 902(k). Certified Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Treatment and Medical History
- § 902(l). Copies of Hospital and Other Records of Itemized Bills and Reports
- § 902(n). Results of Genetic Marker Tests
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1) . Hearsay That Is Admissible
Statements contained in
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(C). Whether the Statements Were Made to Non–Law Enforcement Personnel
- § 803(4). Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment
- § 803(6)(A), Note . Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Tort actions
- § 804(b)(5)(D). Reports of Deceased Physicians in Tort Actions
Workers’ compensation proceedings
- § 804(b)(5)(E). Medical Reports of Disabled or Deceased Physicians as Evidence in Workers’ Compensation Proceedings
MEDICAL TREATMENT, STATEMENTS FOR PURPOSES OF
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(C). Whether the Statements Were Made to Non–Law Enforcement Personnel
- § 803(4). Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
MEMORY
Feigning lack of
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Refreshment of
- § 511(d), Note. Use of Suppressed Statements
- § 611(c), Note. Leading Questions
- § 612. Writing or Object Used to Refresh Memory
- § 613(a)(2),(3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 803(5)(B), Note. Past Recollection Recorded
MENTAL CAPACITY, COMPETENCY
- § 503(d)(2), Note. Court-Ordered Psychiatric Exam
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
- § 601. Competency
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
MENTAL, EMOTIONAL, OR PHYSICAL CONDITION
- § 803(3). Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
MINORS
Competency of
- § 601. Competency
Development of adolescent brain
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Juvenile adjudications, impeachment by
- § 609(a)(5). Juvenile Adjudications of Delinquency or Youthful Offender
Parent-child disqualification
- § 504(c). Parent-Child Disqualification
Privilege of
- § 104(a), Note. In General
MIRANDA/VOLUNTARINESS
Admission by silence and
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Commenting on omissions in defendant’s statement to police following warnings
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Custodial interrogation and
- § 511(a)(1). Custodial Interrogation
Preliminary questions involving
- § 104(a), Note. In General
Use of statements suppressed due to violation of
- § 511(d). Use of Suppressed Statements
MISSING WITNESS
Argument by counsel
- § 1111(a). Argument by Counsel
Availability of witness
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Criminal cases
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Distinction between insufficient evidence and missing witness arguments
- § 1111(a), Note. Argument by Counsel
Explanation for failure to call
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Foundation for instruction on
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Friendliness, hostility of witness
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Judicial approval for argument
- § 1111(a). Argument by Counsel
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Jury instruction
- § 1111(b). Jury Instruction
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Noncumulative testimony
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
MOTIONS
For access to third-party records
- § 1108 . Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
For disclosure of identity of informant
- § 509(a), Note. Identity of Informer
For required finding of not guilty
- § 1113(a)(2), Note. Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
For view
- § 1109(a). Availability, (1)
In limine
- § 103(b). Preliminary Evidentiary Motions: Effect on Appellate Rights
- § 103(d), Note. Preventing the Jury or Witnesses from Hearing Inadmissible Evidence
- § 103(f). Motions in Limine
- § 404(a)(2)(A), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
- § 1108(g). Use of Presumptively Privileged Records at Trial
- § 1113(a)(1), Note. Purpose
To reduce verdict
- § 103(e), Note. Substantial Risk of a Miscarriage of Justice in Criminal Cases
To strike
- § 103(a)(1), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error§ 104(b). Relevance That Depends on a Fact
- § 611(a), Note. Control by the Court
- § 801(d)(2)(E), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 1104, Note. Witness Cooperation Agreements
To suppress
- § 103(d), Note. Preventing the Jury or Witnesses from Hearing Inadmissible Evidence
- § 104(a), Note. In General
- § 104(d), Note. Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 511(c)(2), Note. Waiver by Witness’s Testimony
- § 1101(d). Motions to Suppress
N
NEGLIGENCE
Industry and safety standards, violation of admissible to prove
- § 414, Note. Industry and Safety Standards
Liability insurance, lack of not admissible to prove
- § 411. Insurance
Medical negligence cases
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 803(6)(C), Note. Medical and Hospital Services
Remedial measures, not admissible to prove
- § 407. Subsequent Remedial Measures
NOTICE, JUDICIAL
Court records
- § 201(b)(2), Note. Kinds of Facts That May Be Judicially Noticed
Criminal cases
- § 201(c), Note. When Taken
Of adjudicative facts
- § 201. Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts
Of law
- § 202. Judicial Notice of Law
Timing of
- § 201(c). When Taken
Versus official notice
- § 201(b)(2), Note. Kinds of Facts That May Be Judicially Noticed
O
OATH OR AFFIRMATION
Child witnesses
Foster/preadoptive parents at care and protection trials
- § 1115(e)(2), Note. Foster/Preadoptive Parents
Interpreters
- § 604. Interpreters
Witnesses, generally
- § 603. Oath or Affirmation to Testify Truthfully
OBJECTIONS
Calling or questioning of witnesses by court
- § 614(c). Objections
Doctrine of completeness
- § 106(a), Note. Remainder of Writings or Recorded Statements
Evidence of private conversations between spouses
- § 504(b)(1), Note. General Rule
Expert testimony
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Extrapolation evidence to determine weight of drugs
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Forfeiture of right to
- § 804(b)(6), Note. Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
Generally
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
Grounds for, motion in limine stage
- § 103(b), Note. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
Hearsay
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 802, Note. The Rule Against Hearsay
- § 804(b)(5)(E), Note. Medical Reports of Disabled or Deceased Physicians as Evidence in Workers’ Compensation Proceedings
Preserving a claim of error in joint trial
- § 103(a)(1), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
- § 804(b)(6), Note. Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
Peremptory challenges
- § 1116(b). Objecting to a Peremptory Challenge
- § 1116(c). Overruling the Objection
- § 1116(d). Sustaining the Objection
Prior convictions
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Prior inconsistent statement
- § 613(a)(2),(3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
Privilege against self-incrimination
- § 511(b), Note. Privilege of a Witness
Qualifications of CASA to render an expert opinion
- § 1115(c)(3), Note. Court-Appointed Special Advocate (CASA) Reports
Question by jurors
- § 614(d), Note. Examining by Jurors
Records admitted without live testimony
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2) . Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Statement in an opening or closing
- § 1113(c). Objections
Voluntariness of a defendant’s statement
- § 104(a), Note. In General
OFFERS OF PROOF
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
- § 412(c)(1). Motion.
OFFERS TO COMPROMISE
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
OFFICIAL NOTICE OF FACTS
- § 201(b)(2), Note. Kinds of Facts That May Be Judicially Noticed
OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS
- § 902(e). Official Publications
OPENING STATEMENT
Burden of proof
- § 1113(a)(2). Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
Cause of action
- § 1113(a)(2). Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
Curative instructions
- § 1113(c). Objections
Directed verdict
- § 1113(a)(2). Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
Duty of court
- § 1113(d). Duty of the Court
Evidence promised in, curative instruction
- § 103(a), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
Mistrial
- § 1113(a)(2). Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
Objections
- § 1113(c). Objections
Purpose
- § 1113(a)(1). Purpose
Reopening
- § 611(f). Reopening
Responses to improper argument
- § 1113(d), Note. Duty of the Court
OPINIONS, EXPERT WITNESSES
About law
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Admissibility of
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Based on evidence collected or created by absent expert
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Basis of
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Care and protection cases
- § 1115(e)(7). Experts
Certitude of
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Duty to consult with expert
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Expert opinion versus lay opinion, admissibility of
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
Eyewitness identification
- § 1112(e). Expert Testimony
Firearm/ballistics identification
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Foundation requirements for
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Generally
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
In medical malpractice actions
- § 409(c). Medical Malpractice Claims
Limitation of, on cross-examination
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
On alcohol
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
On battered women's syndrome
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On fingerprint evidence
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On gang membership
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On marijuana
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
On possibility
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On sexually dangerous persons
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
On ultimate issue
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Opportunity to cross examine
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Risk of inaccurate forensic analysis
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(a), Note. In General.
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1), Note. Hearsay That Is Admissible
Termination of parental rights cases
- § 1115(e)(7). Experts
Testimony (see EXPERT TESTIMONY)
To establish composition of a drug
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Underlying facts and data
- § 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
ORIGINALS
- § 1001(b). Original
- § 1003. Admissibility of Duplicates
- § 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content
- § 1006. Summaries to Prove Content
- § 1008. Functions of Judge and Fact Finder
P
PARENTAL RIGHTS CASES
Admissibility of evidence, general rule
- § 1115(a). General Rule
Adoption plans
- § 1115(f)(1). Adoption Plans
Adverse inferences from party's failure to appear
- § 1115(g), Note. Adverse Inference from a Party's Failure to Appear
Bonding and attachment studies
- § 1115(f)(2). Bonding and Attachment Studies
Children’s out-of-court statements
- § 1115(d). Children’s Out-of-Court Statements
Judicial findings from prior proceedings
- § 1115(f)(3). Judicial Findings from Prior Proceedings Regarding the Same Party or Parties
Official/public records and reports
- § 1115(b). Official/Public Records and Reports
Testimony
- § 1115(e). Testimony
Written court reports
- § 1115(c). Written Court Reports
PARTY WITNESS, IMPEACHMENT OF
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
PAST RECOLLECTION RECORDED
- § 803(5). Past Recollection Recorded
PENAL INTEREST, STATEMENTS AGAINST
- § 804(b)(3), Note. Statement Against Interest
- § 1105. Note. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES
- § 1116(a). General Principles
- § 1116(b). Objecting to a Peremptory Challenge
- § 1116(c). Overruling the Objection
- § 1116(d). Sustaining the Objection
PERSONAL, FAMILY, OR GENERAL HISTORY, JUDGMENTS AS TO
- § 803(23). Judgment as to Personal, Family, or General History, or Boundaries
PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE
Attorney
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Conduct
- § 405. Methods of Proving Character
Excited utterance
- § 803(2), Note. Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Expert witness
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(3). Expert Testimony
Facts in sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
Facts stated in business records
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Facts stated in hospital records
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Hearsay declarants
- § 602, Note. Need for Personal Knowledge
Lack of
- § 602. Need for Personal Knowledge
Statements of deceased
- § 504(b)(1), Note. General Rule
- § 504(b)(2). Exceptions, (G)
- § 804(b)(5)(A). Declarations of Decedent
- § 804(b)(5)(B). Deceased Party’s Answers to Interrogatories
PHOTOGRAPHIC ARRAYS
- § 1112(b)(1). Photographic Array
PHOTOGRAPHS
Admissibility of
- § 1001(a), Note. Writings and Records
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
- § 1112(b)(1)(C). Admissibility of Photographs
Authentication of
- § 901(a), Note. In General
Of crime scene
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Of defendant/suspect
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
- § 901(b)(11), Note. Electronic or Digital Communication
- § 1112(b)(1). Photographic Array
Of victim/autopsy photographs
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
PLAIN ERROR
- § 103(e). Substantial Risk of a Miscarriage of Justice in Criminal Cases
PLEAS, OFFERS OF PLEAS, AND RELATED STATEMENTS
Admissibility of guilty plea
- § 803(22). Judgment of a Previous Conviction
Plea agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
“Plea negotiations” versus “plea discussions”
- § 410, Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
Prohibited uses
- § 410(a). Prohibited Uses
State versus Federal rule regarding use of
- § 410, Note. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
Use of guilty plea for impeachment
- § 609(a)(2). Felony Conviction Not Resulting in Committed State Prison Sentence
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Use of in criminal proceeding for perjury
- § 410(b). Exception
POLICE REPORTS
Admissibility as business records
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Admissibility at probation revocation hearings
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Admissibility in child protective cases
- § 1115(b)(5). Police Reports
Admissibility in sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1), Note. Hearsay That Is Admissible
Consideration of hearsay contained in, at pretrial dangerousness hearings
- § 1101(c)(3), Note. Certain Other Proceedings
Judicial notice of contents on appeal
- § 201(c), Note. When Taken
POLITICAL VOTER DISQUALIFICATION
- § 516. Political Voter Disqualification
PREJUDICE
Caused by allowing Commonwealth to reopen
- § 611(f), Note. Reopening
Caused by assertion of privilege against self-incrimination in civil case
- § 511(b), Note. Privilege of a Witness
- § 525(a), Note. Civil Case
Caused by court changing earlier ruling
- § 103(a), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
Caused by juror’s ethnic or racial bias
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Caused by juror’s question
- § 614(d), Note. Examining by Jurors
Caused by jury’s exposure to extraneous matter
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Caused by jury’s misuse of out-of-court statement
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Caused by statements made in opening statements
- § 1113(a)(1), Note. Purpose
Caused by too narrow/broad cross-examination
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
Curative admissibility and
- § 106(b). Curative Admissibility
DNA analysis and
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Exclusion of evidence
- § 103(a)(2), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
- § 103(g). Exclusion as Sanction
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
“Inherent prejudice” associated with evidence of other bad acts
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Probative value of evidence versus
- § 102, Note. Purpose and Construction
- § 105, Note. Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes
- § 401, Note. Test for Relevant Evidence
- § 402, Note. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
- § 407(b), Note. Exceptions
- § 411, Note. Insurance
- § 412(c)(2). Hearing
- § 413(b). Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
- § 803(5)(B), Note. Past Recollection Recorded
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
- § 1105. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Spoliation and
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Third-party culprit evidence/information
Unfair prejudice
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion,Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Weapons evidence
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION, ADMISSIBILITY
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
PRELIMINARY HEARINGS
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
PRESENTATION OF EVIDENCE
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
PRESENT SENSE IMPRESSION
- § 803(1). Present Sense Impression
PRESERVATION OF APPELLATE RIGHTS
- § 103(b) . Preliminary Evidentiary Motions: Effect on Appellate Rights
“PRESUMPTION OF SANITY”
- § 302, Note. Criminal Cases
PRESUMPTIONS
Civil cases
- § 301(d). Presumptions
Criminal cases
- § 302(d). Presumptions
PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE
Civil cases
- § 301(c). Prima Facie Evidence
Criminal cases
- § 302(c). Prima Facie Evidence
PRIOR BAD ACTS
Admissibility
- § 103(f), Note. Motions in Limine
Entrapment defense
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Judicial inquiry/discretion regarding
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
Permitted/prohibited uses
- § 404(b). Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Unfair prejudice
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Use of, for purpose other than for which admitted
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
PRIOR CONSISTENT STATEMENTS
Generally
- § 613(b). Prior Consistent Statements
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1)(B), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Made before motive to fabricate
- § 613(b), Note. Prior Consistent Statements
PRIOR INCONSISTENT STATEMENTS
Admissibility
- § 613(a). Prior Inconsistent Statements
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Introduction of
- § 613(a). Prior Inconsistent Statements
Nonbinding admissions
- § 611(g)(1), Note. Form and Effect
Prior statements that qualify as inconsistent
- § 613(a)(2),(3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
Statements of criminal defendant
- § 613(a)(2),(3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
Substantive use of
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Used to attack/support credibility of hearsay declarant
- § 806. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
Used to impeach credibility of witness
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
Used to impeach first complaint witness
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Used to impeach one’s own witness
- § 607, Note. Who May Impeach a Witness
PRIOR RECORDED TESTIMONY
- § 804(b)(1). Prior Recorded Testimony
PRIOR SEXUAL CONDUCT
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
PRIVILEGES AND DISQUALIFICATIONS
Allied mental health or human services professional privilege
- § 508. Allied Mental Health or Human Services Professional Privilege
Applicability of Federal law
- Article V, Intro. (f)(6). Applicability of Federal Law
Attorney-client privilege (see ATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGE )
Board of Bar Overseers and bar counsel
- Article V, Intro. (h)(4). Communications with Board of Bar Overseers and Bar Counsel
Business interest privilege
- Article V, Intro. (h)(5). Legitimate Business Interest
Challenging evidence of defendant's cooperation
- § 511(a)(2), Note. Refusal Evidence
Comment on or inference from claim of privilege
- § 525. Comment upon or Inference from Claim of Privilege
Confidentiality statutes
- Article V, Intro. (f)(5). Certain Documents, Records, and Reports
Confidentiality versus privilege
- Article V, Intro. (d). Confidentiality Versus Privilege
- Article V, Intro. (f). Examples of Relationships in Which There May Be a Duty to Treat Information as Confidential Even Though There Is No Testimonial Privilege
Deliberative process privilege
- § 518. Executive or Governmental Privilege
Disclosure of privileged matter
- § 524. Privileged Matter Disclosed Erroneously or Without Opportunity to Claim Privilege
Disclosure to third party
- § 504(b)(1). Note. General Rule
Doctor-patient privilege
- Article V, Intro. (f)(1). Patient Medical Information
Domestic violence victims’ counselor privilege
- § 505. Domestic Violence Victims’ Counselor Privilege
Establishing existence of privilege
- § 104(a), Note. In General
Executing/exercising
- Article V, Intro. (c) . Most Privileges Are Not Self-Executing
Executive privilege (governmental)
- § 518. Executive or Governmental Privilege
Fair report privilege
- Article V, Intro. (h)(3). Fair Report Privilege
Human services professional privilege
- § 508. Allied Mental Health or Human Services Professional Privilege
Impounding versus sealing privileged material
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
Ineffective assistance of counsel claim
- § 523(b)(2). Note. Conduct Constituting Waiver
Informant privilege
- § 509. Identity of Informer, Surveillance Location, and Protected Witness Privileges
Interpretation of privileges
- Article V, Intro. (b). Interpretation of Privileges
Interpreter-client privilege
- § 522. Interpreter-Client Privilege
Investigatory privilege
- § 515. Investigatory Privilege
Judicial deliberation privilege
- § 527. Judicial Deliberation Privilege
Legislative deliberation privilege
- Article V, Intro. (h)(2). Legislative Deliberation Privilege
Litigation privilege
- Article V, Intro. (h)(1). Immunity from Liability (Litigation Privilege)
Mediation privilege
- § 514. Mediation Privilege
Medical peer review privilege
- § 513. Medical Peer Review Privilege
Mental health professional privilege
- § 508. Allied Mental Health or Human Services Professional Privilege
News sources and nonpublished information
- Article V, Intro. (f)(4). News Sources and Nonpublished Information
Nonevidentiary privileges
- Article V, Intro. (h)(1). Immunity from Liability (Litigation Privilege)
- Article V, Intro. (h)(2). Legislative Deliberation Privilege
- Article V, Intro. (h)(3). Fair Report Privilege
- Article V, Intro. (h)(4). Communications with Board of Bar Overseers and Bar Counsel
- Article V, Intro. (h)(5). Legitimate Business Interest
Not self-executing, generally
- Article V, Intro. (c). Most Privileges Are Not Self-Executing
Parent-child disqualification
- § 504(c). Parent-Child Disqualification
Preference for recording certain custodial interrogations
- § 511(a)(1), Note. Custodial Interrogation
Privilege against self-incrimination
- § 511. Privilege Against Self-Incrimination
- § 804, Note. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
- § 1106, Note. Abuse Prevention and Harassment Prevention Proceedings
Production of presumptively privileged records
- Article V, Intro. (g). Production of Presumptively Privileged Records from Nonparties Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
Protected witness privilege
- § 509(c). Protected Witness
Psychotherapist-patient privilege
- § 503. Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege
- § 1115(d)(1), Note. Statements Not Related to Sexual Abuse
- § 1115(e)(5). Psychotherapists
Religious privilege
- § 510. Religious Privilege
Sexual assault counselor–victim privilege
- Article V, Intro. (c). Most Privileges Are Not Self-Executing
- § 506. Sexual Assault Counselor–Victim Privilege
Sign language interpreter–client privilege
- § 521. Sign Language Interpreter–Client Privilege
Social worker–client privilege
- § 507. Social Worker–Client Privilege
- § 1115(d)(1), Note. Statements Not Related to Sexual Abuse
- § 1115(e)(4). Social Workers
Statements made during competency examination
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Spousal disqualification
- § 504(b). Spousal Disqualification
Spousal privilege
- § 504(a). Spousal Privilege
- § 804(b)(6), Note. Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
Student records
- Article V, Intro. (f)(2). Student Records
- Article V, Intro. (f)(3). Special Needs Student Records
Surveillance location privilege
- § 509(b). Surveillance Location
Tax return preparer privilege
- § 520. Tax Return Preparer
Tax return privilege
- § 519. State and Federal Tax Returns
Third-party records
- § 1108. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
Trade secrets privilege
- § 517. Trade Secrets
Unemployment hearing privilege
- § 526. Unemployment Hearing Privilege
Union member–union privilege
- § 528. Union Member–Union Privilege
Validity of claim of privilege
- § 511(b), Note. Privilege of a Witness
Waiver of privilege
- § 523. Waiver of Privilege
PROBATIVE VALUE OF EVIDENCE
Conversations between spouses
- § 504(b)(1), Note. General Rule
Evidence in sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
Evidence of consciousness of guilt
- § 1110(a). Criminal Cases, (4)
Evidence of victim’s state of mind
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Expert opinion as to a possibility
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Expressions of sympathy
- § 409(a), Note. Expressions of Sympathy in Civil Cases
Offers to pay medical bills
- § 409(b), Note. Payment of Medical and Similar Expenses
Prior consistent statements
- § 613(b), Note. Prior Consistent Statements
Prior inconsistent statements
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Propensity evidence
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Test for relevant evidence
- § 401, Note. Test for Relevant Evidence
Third-party culprit evidence
- § 1105. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
Versus prejudicial effect (see under PREJUDICE)
PROCESS OR SYSTEM, AUTHENTICATION
- § 901(b)(9). Evidence About a Process or System
PRODUCTION OF ORIGINAL
- § 1002. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
PROFFER
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
PROOF, OFFER OF
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
PROPERTY
- § 803(14). Records or Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
- § 803(15). Statements in Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
PROSECUTOR, SPECIAL ROLE OF
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Permissible Argument
PROTECTED GROUPS
- § 1116(a), Note. General Principles
- § 1116(b)(1), Note. Stage One: Prima Facie Case of Unlawful Discrimination
PSYCHIATRIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS AND RECORDS
Care and protection and termination of parental rights cases
- § 1115(c)(4). Court-Ordered Psychiatric, Psychological, and Court Clinic Evaluation Reports
Compelled examination
- § 511(a)(3). Compelled Examination
Competency examination
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Criminal responsibility examination
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Examination by mental health counselor
- § 508(d). Mental Health Counselor Exception, (2)
Examination by social worker
- § 507(c). Exceptions, (2)
Impounding versus sealing records
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
Privilege
- § 503. Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1). Hearsay That Is Admissible
PUBLIC RECORDS AND REPORTS
Admissibility of
- Article V, Intro. (f)(2). Student Records
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
- § 803(8). Official/Public Records and Reports
- § 803(9). Public Records of Vital Statistics
- § 1005. Official Records
- § 1115(b). Official/Public Records and Reports
Authentication of
- § 901(b)(7). Evidence About Public Records
- § 902(d). Certified Copies of Public Records
Copies of
- § 901(b)(7)(B). Copies
- § 902(d). Certified Copies of Public Records
Investigatory materials
- § 515, Note. Investigatory Privilege
Massachusetts public records statute
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
- § 509(a), Note. Identity of Informer
- § 518, Note. Executive or Governmental Privilege
Proof of specific types of
- § 901(b)(7)(B), Note. Copies
Trade secrets
- § 517, Note. Trade Secrets
Q
QUALIFICATIONS, EXPERT WITNESSES
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 1115(c)(3), Note. Court-Appointed Special Advocate (CASA) Reports
R
RAPE-SHIELD LAW
- § 103(f), Note. Motions in Limine
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
REBUTTAL
Absence of complaint as
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Absence of dangerous condition as
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Curative admissibility doctrine
- § 106(b), Note. Curative Admissibility
Introduction of
- § 611(d). Rebuttal Evidence
Of allegation of dangerous condition
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Of character evidence
- § 404(a). Character Evidence
Of child’s out-of-court statements to court-appointed investigators
- § 1115(d)(1), Note. Statements Not Related to Sexual Abuse
Of claim of impossibility
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Of claim of recent contrivance or bias
- § 613(b)(2). Exception
- § 613(b), Note. Prior Consistent Statements
Of consciousness of guilt or liability evidence
- § 1110(c). Rebuttal
Of contention of undue delay
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Of deceased physician’s report
- § 804(b)(5)(D). Reports of Deceased Physicians in Tort Actions
Of defendant’s allegation of fabrication
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
Of defendant’s claims regarding police
- § 511(a)(1), Note. Compelled Examination
Of false testimony
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Of hearsay within hearsay
- § 805, Note. Hearsay Within Hearsay
Of implication witness’s testimony was false
- § 611(e), Note. Scope of Subsequent Examination
Of presumption peremptory challenge is lawful
- § 1116(b). Objecting to a Peremptory Challenge
Of presumptions, generally
- § 301(d). Presumptions
Of prima facie evidence
- § 301(c). Prima Facie Evidence
Of reputation evidence
- § 405(a), Note. By Reputation
Of written court reports in child protective cases
- § 1115(c)(1), Note. Court Investigation Reports
- § 1115(c)(2), Note. Guardian Ad Litem (GAL) Reports
- § 1115(c)(3), Note. Court-Appointed Special Advocate (CASA) Reports
On issue of defendant's mental impairment
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
RECORDED RECOLLECTION
- § 803(5). Past Recollection Recorded
RECORDS
Admitted without live testimony
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Business
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- § 803(6). Business and Hospital Records
- § 803(6)(A), Note . Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
- § 902(i), Note. Commercial Paper and Related Documents
- § 1115(b)(5). Police Reports
Court
- § 902(a). Court Records Under Seal
Domestic official
- § 902(b). Domestic Official Records Not Under Seal
Electronic
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Family
- § 803(13). Family Records
Foreign official
- § 902(c). Foreign Official Records
Impounding versus sealing
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
Inspection of
- § 1108(d). Inspection of Records
Judicial
- § 902(a). Court Records Under Seal
Medical and hospital records (see MEDICAL AND HOSPITAL BILLS ; MEDICAL RECORDS AND REPORTS )
Medical peer review committee records
- § 513(b)(1). Proceedings, Reports, and Records of Medical Peer Review Committee
Presumptively privileged records
- Article V, Intro. (g). Production of Presumptively Privileged Records from Nonparties Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases
- § 1108(c). Summons and Notice to Record Holder, (2)
- § 1108(d)(2). Presumptively Privileged Records
- § 1108(f). Disclosure of Presumptively Privileged Records
- § 1108(g). Use of Presumptively Privileged Records at Trial
Psychiatric and psychological records
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
- § 503. Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege
- § 1103(b)(1). Hearsay That Is Admissible
- § 1115(c)(4). Court-Ordered Psychiatric, Psychological, and Court Clinic Evaluation Reports
Public records or reports
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
- § 803(8). Official/Public Records and Reports
- § 901(b)(7). Evidence About Public Records
- § 902(d). Certified Copies of Public Records
- § 1005. Official Records
- § 1115(b). Official/Public Records and Reports
Records affecting interest in property
- § 803(14). Records or Documents Affecting an Interest in Property
Records defined
- § 1001(a). Writings and Records
Records in termination of parental rights and care and protection cases
- § 1115(b)(1). Criminal Probation Records, Including Criminal Activity Record Information (CARI)
- § 1115(b)(2). Department of Children and Families (DCF) Records and Reports
- § 1115(b)(3). Drug and Alcohol Treatment Records
- § 1115(b)(4). School Records
- § 1115(b)(5). Police Reports
- § 1115(c)(1). Court Investigation Reports
- § 1115(c)(2). Guardian Ad Litem (GAL) Reports
- § 1115(c)(3). Court-Appointed Special Advocate (CASA) Reports
- § 1115(c)(4). Court-Ordered Psychiatric, Psychological, and Court Clinic Evaluation Reports
Records of vital statistics
- § 803(9). Public Records of Vital Statistics
Religious organization records
- § 803(11). Records of Religious Organizations
- § 804(b)(7). Religious Records
Sexual offender registry records
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Third-party records
- § 1108. Access to Third-Party Records Prior to Trial in Criminal Cases (Lampron-Dwyer Protocol)
Work-product doctrine
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
REDACTION
Of amounts paid by health insurers
- § 411, Note. Insurance
Of defendant’s affidavit in support of disclosure of informant’s identity
- § 509(a), Note. Identity of Informer
Of Department of Children and Families (DCF) records and reports
- § 1115(b)(2)(C), Note. DCF Service Plans, Affidavits, Foster Care Review Reports, Case Review Reports, and Family Assessments
- § 1115(b)(2)(D), Note. DCF Social Worker Investigation Reports
Of documents in sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings.
- § 1103(b)(1) Note. Hearsay That Is Admissible
- § 1103(b)(2), Note. Hearsay That May Be Admissible
Of hospital records for references to assault and statements of self-diagnosis
- §803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Of means and manner of death in death certificate
- § 803(8), Note. Official/Public Records and Reports
Of medical records for information not germane to treatment
- § 803(6)(C), Note. Medical and Hospital Services
Of nature of prior offense
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Of police reports
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Of presumptively privileged records
- § 1108(f). Disclosure of Presumptively Privileged Records, (2)
- § 1108(g). Use of Presumptively Privileged Records at Trial, (3)
Of witness cooperation agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
To protect personal privacy
- § 402, Note. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
REDIRECT EXAMINATION
Of expert witnesses
- § 803(18)(B), Note. Use in Cross-Examination of Experts
Regarding matters raised during cross-examination
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Regarding witness cooperation agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
Regarding witness’s fear in testifying
- § 607, Note. Who May Impeach a Witness
Scope of
- § 611(e). Scope of Subsequent Examination
REFRESHMENT OF MEMORY
Generally
- § 612. Writing or Object Used to Refresh Memory
Of defendant, with suppressed statements
- § 511(d), Note. Use of Suppressed Statements
Of witness, with earlier statement
- § 613(a)(2),(3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Past recollection recorded exception versus doctrine of refreshing memory
- § 803(5)(B), Note. Past Recollection Recorded
Use of leading questions
- § 611(c), Note. Leading Questions
RELEVANT EVIDENCE
Admissibility
- § 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Defined
- § 401. Test for Relevant Evidence
Evidence relevant to weight and credibility of other evidence
- § 104(e). Evidence Relevant to Weight and Credibility
Exclusion of
- § 103(a), Note. Preserving a Claim of Error
- § 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Test for
- § 401. Test for Relevant Evidence
RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION RECORDS
- § 803(11). Records of Religious Organizations
- § 804(b)(7). Religious Records
REMEDIAL MEASURES
Prohibited uses of evidence of subsequent measures
- § 407(a). Prohibited Uses
When evidence may be admitted
- § 407(b). Exceptions
REOPENING CASE
- § 611(f). Reopening
REPUTATION
Boundaries
- § 803(20). Reputation Concerning Boundaries or General History
Character
- § 404. Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts
- § 405(a). By Reputation
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
Character trait
- § 404(a). Character Evidence
- § 405(a). By Reputation
- § 608(a) , Note. Reputation Evidence
- § 803(21). Reputation Concerning Character
Complaining witness
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Defendant
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 608(a), Note. Reputation Evidence
Family history
- § 803(19). Reputation Concerning Personal or Family History
Sexual reputation
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Victim
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
RESTITUTION
Generally
- § 1114(a). Nature and Extent of Remedy
- § 1114(b). Procedural Requirements
- § 1114(c). Judicial Determination
Evidentiary rules at restitution hearing
- § 1114(b), Note. Procedural Requirements
ROUTINE PRACTICE
- § 406. Routine Practice of a Business; Habit of an Individual
RULINGS
Competency of witnesses
- § 601(b). Rulings
Generally
- § 103. Rulings on Evidence, Objections, and Offers of Proof
Preliminary
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Qualifications of expert witnesses
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
Timing of requests for
- § 105, Note. Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes
S
SCOPE
See individual topics
SELF-AUTHENTICATION
- § 902. Evidence That Is Self-Authenticating
SELF-DEFENSE
Burden of production of defendant
- § 302(d)(2), Note. Presumptions
Character of victim
- § 404(a)(2)(B), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 404(a)(2)(C), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
Flight not inconsistent with
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Identity of first aggressor
- § 404(a)(2)(B), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
State of mind of defendants
- § 404(a)(2)(B), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Cas
State of mind of victim
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
SEQUESTRATION OF WITNESSES
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
SETTLEMENTS
Compromises and offers to compromise
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Evidence of settlement with another defendant
- § 411, Note. Insurance
SEXUAL ASSAULT
First complaint (see FIRST COMPLAINT OF SEXUAL ASSAULT )
Impeaching complaining witness with prior conduct
- § 608(b), Note. Specific Instances of Conduct
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Opinion of expert on whether sexual assault has occurred
Prosecutor’s closing argument regarding child victim
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
Psychological and counseling records of alleged victim
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
Rape-shield law
- § 103(f), Note. Motions in Limine
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
Reputation of complaining witness
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Right to confrontation with child victim
- Article VIII, Intro. (c). Massachusetts Law Versus Federal Law
SAIN evidence/Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 803(6)(B), Note. Hospital Records
Sexual assault counselor-victim privilege
- Article V, Intro. (c). Most Privileges Are Not Self-Executing
- § 506. Sexual Assault Counselor–Victim Privilege
Statement of victim to sexual assault nurse examiner
- § 803(2), Note. Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OR REPUTATION
SEXUALLY DANGEROUS PERSON PROCEEDING
Admissible hearsay
- § 1103(b)(1). Hearsay that is Admissible
Excluded hearsay
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
Hearsay expressly made admissible by statute
- § 1103(b)(1), Note. Hearsay that is Admissible
Hearsay that may be admissible
- § 1103(b)(2). Hearsay That May Be Admissible
In general
- § 1103(a). In General
Miscellaneous evidentiary rulings
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
Statutory procedures
- § 1103(a), Note. In General
Testimony of qualified examiner/expert testimony
- § 1103(a), Note. In General
- § 1103(b)(1), Note. Hearsay that is Admissible
SEXUAL OFFENDER REGISTRY
Hearings
- § 1101(c)(3). Certain Other Proceedings
Records
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
SHOWUPS
- § 1112(b)(3). Showup
- § 1112(c), Note. In-Court Identification
SIMILAR OCCURRENCES, EVIDENCE OF
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
SOCIAL-NETWORKING WEB SITE
- § 901(b)(11), Note. Electronic or Digital Communication
SPOLIATION OR DESTRUCTION OF EVIDENCE
As evidence of consciousness of guilt
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Case
As evidence of consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Exclusion of other evidence as sanction
- § 103(g), Note. Exclusion as Sanction
Judge’s discretion to impose sanctions
- § 1102. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
Missing evidence in possession of another party
- § 1102, Note. Spoliation or Destruction of Evidence
STATEMENTS
By juror
- § 606(b). During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Defined
- § 801(a). Statement
Doctrine of completeness
- § 106. Doctrine of Completeness
Expressions of sympathy
False
- § 509(a), Note. Identity of Informer
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 801(d)(2)(E), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
For purpose of medical treatment
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(C). Whether the Statements Were Made to Non–Law Enforcement Personnel
- § 803(4). Statements for Purposes of Medical Diagnosis or Treatment
Hearsay (see HEARSAY )
In care and protection and termination of parental rights cases
- § 1115. Evidentiary Issues in Care and Protection and Termination of Parental Rights Cases
Inconsistent statements by prosecutor at successive trials
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Indicating consciousness of guilt
- § 801(d)(2)(B), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
In sexually dangerous person proceedings
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1), Note. Hearsay That Is Admissible
- § 1103, Note. Sexually Dangerous Person Proceedings
- § 1103(a), Note. Hearsay That Is Admissible
Made during competency examinations
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Made during criminal responsibility examination
- § 511(a)(3), Note. Compelled Examination
Made in compromise negotiations
- § 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Of defendant
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Of identification
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Of joint venturer
- § 801(d)(2)(E), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Of opposing party
- § 801(d)(2). An Opposing Party’s Statement
Of third party
- § 1105, Note. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1112(d). Testimony of Third-Party Observer
Of victim
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case, (C)
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(B). The Formality of the Statements and the Actions of the Parties Involved
- § 801(c). Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
- § 803(3)(B)(ii), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
- § 804(b)(2). Statement Made Under the Belief of Imminent Death
- § 1101(c)(3), Note. Certain Other Proceedings
- § 1103(b)(1), Note. Hearsay That Is Admissible
Out-of-court statements
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 608(a), Note. Reputation Evidence
- Article VIII, Intro. (a). Confrontation Clause and Hearsay in Criminal Cases
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1)(C). Whether the Statements Were Made to Non–Law Enforcement Personnel
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(2), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 801(d)(2)(D), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
- § 803(24). Out-of-Court Statement of Child Describing Sexual Contact in Proceeding to Place Child in Foster Care
- § 804, Note. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
- § 804(b)(3), Note. Statement Against Interest
- § 804(b)(6), Note. Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s Unavailability
- § 804(b)(8). Admissibility in Criminal Proceedings of a Child’s Out-of-Court Statement Describing Sexual Contact
- § 804(b)(9). Out-of-Court Statement of Child Describing Sexual Contact in Civil Proceeding, Including Termination of Parental Rights
- § 807. Residual Exception
- § 1101(d). Motions to Suppress
- § 1103(b), Note. Proceedings
- § 1112(d), Note. Testimony of Third-Party Observer
- § 1115(d). Children’s Out-of-Court Statements
Prior (see PRIOR CONSISTENT STATEMENTS; PRIOR INCONSISTENT STATEMENTS)
Regarding pleas
- § 410. Pleas, Offers of Pleas, and Related Statements
Regarding state of mind
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Suppressed statement used for impeachment
- § 511(d). Use of Suppressed Statements
Suppressed statement used to refresh witness’s memory
- § 612(b)(3). Suppressed Statement
Testimonial versus nontestimonial
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(1). Testimonial Versus Nontestimonial; the Primary Purpose Test
Unrecorded
- § 511(a)(1), Note. Custodial Interrogation
Voluntariness of
- § 104(a), Note. In General
STATE OF MIND
Of child, in child custody cases
- § 1115(d)(1), Note. Statements Not Related to Sexual Abuse
Of declarant, circumstantial evidence of
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Of defendant
- § 404(a)(2)(B), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 404(a)(2)(C), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
- § 404(b), Note. Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts
Of employer, in employment discrimination case
- § 408, Note. Compromise Offers and Negotiations in Civil Cases
Of testator
- § 803(3). Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition, (B)(iii)
Of victim
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Of witness
- § 408(b). Exceptions
State-of-mind exception
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
- § 803(3)(B)(ii), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
STATUTORY PRESUMPTIONS
STIPULATIONS
- § 611(g)(1). Form and Effect
- § 611(g)(2). Essential Element
SUBSCRIBING WITNESS
- § 903. Subscribing Witness’s Testimony
SUMMARIES
- § 1006. Summaries to Prove Content
SUPPRESSION
Applicability of evidentiary sections at hearings
- § 1101(d). Motions to Suppress
Hearings
- § 104(a), Note. In General
- § 104(d), Note. Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 511(c)(2), Note. Waiver by Witness’s Testimony
- § 511(d), Note. Use of Suppressed Statements
- § 1101(d). Motions to Suppress
Motions to suppress
- § 103(d), Note. Preventing the Jury or Witnesses from Hearing Inadmissible Evidence
- § 104(a), Note. In General
- § 104(d), Note. Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 511(c)(2), Note. Waiver by Witness’s Testimony
- § 1101(d). Motions to Suppress
Of defendant’s statement
- § 104(a), Note. In General
Of false statement
- § 509(a), Note. Identity of Informer
Of identification
- § 1112(b)(1)(A). Suppression of Identification
- § 1112(c)(1)(B), Note. Where There Has Been an Out-of-Court Identification
Statements made at suppression hearings
- § 1101(d), Note. Motions to Suppress
Suppressed statement used for impeachment
- § 511(d). Use of Suppressed Statements
Suppressed statement used to refresh witness’s memory
- § 612(b)(3). Suppressed Statement
T
TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS (TPR) PROCEEDINGS
See PARENTAL RIGHTS CASES
TESTIMONY
Before Board of Bar Overseers
- Article V, Intro. (h)(4). Communications with Board of Bar Overseers and Bar Counsel
Before medical peer review committee
- § 513(d). Testimony Before Medical Peer Review Committee
Care and protection cases
- § 1115(e). Testimony
Expert (see EXPERT TESTIMONY ; EXPERT WITNESSES )
False
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Missing witness, expected testimony of
- § 1111(b). Jury Instruction
Noncumulative
- § 1111(b), Jury Instruction, (3)
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Of defendant
- § 104(d). Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case
- § 801(d)(2)(A), Note. An Opposing Party’s Statement
Of first complaint witness
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
Of juror
- § 606. Juror’s Competency as a Witness
Of lay witness
Of police
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 611(f), Note. Reopening
- § 701, Note. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
- § 901(a), Note. In General
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Of subscribing witness
- § 903. Subscribing Witness’s Testimony
Of third-party observer
- § 801(d)(1)(C), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
- § 1112(d). Testimony of Third-Party Observer
Of victim, at pretrial dangerousness hearing
- § 804(b)(1), Note. Prior Recorded Testimony
Of victim, regarding first complaint of sexual assault
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Of witness, from outside defendant’s presence
- § 509(b), Note. Surveillance Location
On behavioral characteristics of sexual abuse victims
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
On first to use deadly force
- § 404(a)(2)(B), Note. Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case
On person’s reputation
- § 405(a). By Reputation
On prior criminal conviction
- § 607, Note. Who May Impeach a Witness
- § 609, Note. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime
On ultimate issue
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Opinion
- § 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
- § 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
- § 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Preliminary matters
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Prior recorded testimony
- § 804(b)(1). Prior Recorded Testimony
Records admitted without
- Article VIII, Intro. (a)(2). Records Admitted Without Live Testimony
Suborning witness to provide false testimony
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Suppressed statement used to refresh memory for
- § 612(b)(3). Suppressed Statement
Termination of parental rights (TPR) cases
- § 1115(e). Testimony
To prove contents of electronic record
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
To prove contents of written statement
- § 1007. Testimony or Statement of Party to Prove Content
Waiver of privilege against self-incrimination by
- § 511(c)(2). Waiver by Witness’s Testimony
THIRD-PARTY CULPRIT
- § 807. Residual Exception
- § 1105. Third-Party Culprit Evidence
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
TRANSLATORS AND TRANSLATIONS
Admission of translation
- § 604, Note. Interpreters
Defendant’s custodial statements
- § 511(a)(1), Note. Custodial Interrogation
Derivative attorney-client privilege
- § 502(a)(5), Note. Definitions
Interpreters
- § 604. Interpreters
Qualified sign language interpreters
- § 521(a)(2). Qualified Interpreter
V
VERDICT
Commenting on or discussing consequences of
- § 1113(b)(2), Note. Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Contacting jurors after
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Directed verdict, after opening statement
- § 1113(a)(2). Directed Verdict, Finding of Not Guilty, or Mistrial
Duty of jury to return guilty verdict of highest crime proved
- § 1113(b)(3)(F), Note. Improper Argument
Evidence of consciousness of guilt as basis for
- § 1110(a). Criminal Cases
Inquiry into validity of
- § 606(b). During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Jury nullification
- § 1113(b)(3)(F), Note. Improper Argument
Reduction of
- § 103(e), Note. Substantial Risk of a Miscarriage of Justice in Criminal Cases
Reduction of damages after
- § 411, Note. Insurance
References to verdicts in other civil cases
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Suggesting that jurors may need to explain verdict
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
VICTIM
Appealing to jury for justice for
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Character of
- § 404(a)(2). Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts
- § 405(c). By Violent Character of the Victim
Child victim, right to confrontation with
- Article VIII, Intro. (c). Massachusetts Law Versus Federal Law
Credibility of
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Definition of, for purposes of rape-shield law
- § 412(d). Definition of “Victim”
Dying declarations of
- § 804(b)(2), Note. Statement Made Under the Belief of Imminent Death
Evidence defendant victim of battered woman syndrome
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
Evidence to contradict impeachment of
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
First complaint of sexual assault
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
Juror bias due to race or ethnicity of
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Past behavior of
- § 404. Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Photographs of
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
Privileges
- § 505. Domestic Violence Victims’ Counselor Privilege
- § 506. Sexual Assault Counselor–Victim Privilege
- § 524. Privileged Matter Disclosed Erroneously or Without Opportunity to Claim Privilege
Psychological and counseling records of alleged sexual assault victim
- Article V, Intro. (e). Impounding Versus Sealing
Records of
- § 1108(a). Filing and Service of the Motion, (3)
References to, in closing argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(A), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(D), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(E), Note. Improper Argument
Restitution
- § 1114. Restitution
Sexual reputation or behavior of
- § 412. Sexual Behavior or Sexual Reputation (Rape-Shield Law)
Spontaneous utterance by
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Statements of (see STATEMENTS )
State of mind of
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 801(c) , Note. Hearsay
- § 803(3)(B), Note. Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition
Testimony of, at pretrial dangerousness hearing
- § 804(b)(1), Note. Prior Recorded Testimony
Testimony of, regarding first complaint of sexual assault
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Testimony regarding behavioral characteristics of sexual abuse victims
- § 704, Opinion on Ultimate Issue
VIEWS
Availability of
- § 1109(a). Availability
Chief purpose of
- § 1109(c), Note. Status
Conduct during
- § 1109(b). Conduct
Payment of cost of
- § 1109(d). Costs
References to, in closing argument
- § 1113(b)(1), Note. Critical Stage
Unauthorized views of sites by jurors
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Use of observations made during
- § 1109(c). Status
VITAL RECORDS, CERTIFIED COPIES
- § 902(d). Certified Copies of Public Records
VITAL STATISTICS RECORDS
- § 803(9). Public Records of Vital Statistics
VOIR DIRE
Of child in proceeding to place child in foster care
- § 803(24)(B), Note. Reliability of Statement
Of expert witness
- § 705, Note. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion
Of jurors
- § 606(b), Note. During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment
Of witness
- § 612(b)(3). Suppressed Statement
Regarding defendant’s failure to appear at trial
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
Regarding excited utterance
- § 803(2), Note. Excited Utterance (Spontaneous Utterance)
Regarding feigning lack of memory
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Regarding spousal privilege
- § 504(a)(1), Note. General Rule
Regarding suppressed statement used to refresh witness’s memory
- § 612(b)(3). Suppressed Statement
Regarding third-party culprit evidence
Regarding witness’s intent to assert a privilege
- § 525(b)(2), Note. Criminal Case
Regarding witness’s mental competency
- § 601(c), Note. Preliminary Questions
Waiver of privilege against self-incrimination during
- § 511(c)(2), Note. Waiver by Witness’s Testimony
VOUCHING
- § 704, Opinion on Ultimate Issue
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1115(e)(7), Note. Experts
W
WEB SITE
- § 803(18)(B), Note. Use in Cross-Examination of Experts
- § 901(b)(11), Note. Electronic or Digital Communication
WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE
Answers to questions by jurors
- § 614(d). Examining by Jurors, (5)
Bowden evidence
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
Business records
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Care and protection and termination of parental rights cases
- § 1115(c). Written Court Reports
- § 1115(f)(3), Note. Judicial Findings from Prior Proceedings Regarding the Same Party or Parties
Defects in chain of custody and
- § 402, Note. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
Electronic communications and e-mail
- § 901(b)(11), Note. Electronic or Digital Communication
Evidence of consciousness of liability
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Expert testimony
- § 702, Note. Testimony by Expert Witnesses
First complaint testimony
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
Inflammatory material, risk of unfair prejudice from
- § 403, Note. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
Introduction of evidence relevant to
- § 104(e). Evidence Relevant to Weight and Credibility
Jury’s role
- § 401, Note. Test for Relevant Evidence
- § 1008. Functions of Judge and Fact Finder
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Past sexual conduct and reputation
- § 412(b)(3), Note. Exceptions
- § 412(c)(2). Hearing
Photographs and digital images
- § 1002, Note. Requirement of Original (Best Evidence Rule)
Police reports
- § 803(6)(A), Note. Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Reports in official publications, trade journals, or newspapers
- § 803(17), Note. Statements of Facts of General Interest
Secondary evidence of contents of writing or record
- § 1008. Functions of Judge and Fact Finder
Third-party culprit evidence
- § 1107, Note. Inadequate Police Investigation Evidence
WITNESS
Adverse witness
- § 607. Who May Impeach a Witness
Attacking credibility
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Availability of
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 703, Note. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts
- Article VIII, Intro. (a). Confrontation Clause and Hearsay in Criminal Cases
- § 804. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable
- § 806, Note. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Hearsay Declarant
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
- § 1115(d)(2)(A). Cases Involving TPR
Bias, impeachment for
- § 610. Religious Beliefs or Opinions
Calling by court
- § 614. Calling and Examination of Witnesses by Court or Jurors
Character of
- § 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
Child protective cases
- § 1115(e). Testimony
- § 1115(f)(2), Note. Bonding and Attachment Studies
Child witness
Competency
- § 601. Competency
Cooperation agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
Court personnel, competency as
- § 605. Competency of Judge as Witness
Credibility (see CREDIBILITY OF WITNESS )
Cross-examination of
Direct examination of
- § 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
Examination by court
- § 614. Calling and Examination of Witnesses by Court or Jurors
Examination by jurors
- § 614(d). Examining by Jurors
Exclusion of
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Expert witness (see EXPERT TESTIMONY ; EXPERT WITNESSES)
Eyewitness
- § 1112. Eyewitness Identification
Failure to call
- § 1111(b). Jury Instruction, (4)
Fear of testifying, questions concerning
- § 607, Note. Who May Impeach a Witness
First complaint witness
- § 413. First Complaint of Sexual Assault
Harassment
- § 611(a). Control by the Court
Hostile witness
- § 611(c). Leading Questions
Immunity
- § 511(c)(5). Immunity
Impeachment of (see IMPEACHMENT )
Improper vouching
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Incompetency, finding of
- § 601. Competency
Intimidation
- § 501, Note. Privileges Recognized Only as Provided
- § 1110(a), Note. Criminal Cases
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Judge as
Juror as
- § 606. Juror’s Competency as a Witness
Lack of personal knowledge of
- § 602. Need for Personal Knowledge
Lay witness
- § 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
- § 704, Note. Opinion on Ultimate Issue
Memory, feigning lack of
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 613(a)(2), (3), Note. Examining Other Witness/Disclosure of Extrinsic Evidence
- § 801(d)(1)(A), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Memory, lack of
- § 611(b)(1), Note. In General
- § 803(5). Past Recollection Recorded
- § 804(a)(3), Note. Criteria for Being Unavailable
Memory, refreshment of
- § 611(c), Note. Leading Questions
- § 612. Writing or Object Used to Refresh Memory
Missing witness (see MISSING WITNESS )
Motive to lie/lack of motive to lie, commenting on
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
- § 1113(b)(3)(C), Note. Improper Argument
Oath
- § 603. Oath or Affirmation to Testify Truthfully
Plea agreements with
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
- § 1113(b)(3)(B), Note. Improper Argument
Preventing from hearing inadmissible evidence
- § 103(d). Preventing the Jury or Witnesses from Hearing Inadmissible Evidence
Prior statements of
- § 413(a), Note. Admissibility of First Complaint
- § 607, Note. Who May Impeach a Witness
- § 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1). A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Privilege
- § 511(b). Privilege of a Witness
Production or procurement of
- § 1111(b), Note. Jury Instruction
Protected witness
- § 509(c). Protected Witness
Qualification
- § 104. Preliminary Questions
Recollection of, refreshed
- § 612. Writing or Object Used to Refresh Memory
References to, in closing argument
- § 1113(b). Closing Argument
Rehabilitation of
- § 413(b), Note. Admissibility of Additional Reports of a Sexual Assault Under an Alternative Evidentiary Basis
- § 801(c), Note. Hearsay
- § 801(d)(1)(B), Note. A Declarant-Witness’s Prior Statement
Sequestration of
- § 615. Sequestration of Witnesses
Suborning of, to provide false testimony
- § 1110(b), Note. Civil Cases
Subscribing
- § 903. Subscribing Witness’s Testimony
Witness cooperation agreements
- § 1104. Witness Cooperation Agreements
WORK-PRODUCT DOCTRINE
Burden of proof
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
Explanation and intention of
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
Scope of, in public records context
- § 502(d)(6), Note. Public Officer or Agency
Waiver
- § 523(c)(2), Note. Conduct Not Constituting Waiver
Writing or object used to refresh witness’s memory
- § 612(a)(2). Production and Use
WRITINGS
Ancient
- § 803(16). Statements in Ancient Documents
Contents of (see CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, PROOF)
Defined
- § 1001. Definitions That Apply to This Article
Disputed
- § 901. Authenticating or Identifying Evidence
Doctrine of completeness
- § 106. Doctrine of Completeness
Made in regular course of business
- § 803(6)(A). Entry, Writing, or Record Made in Regular Course of Business
Used to impeach
- § 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses, Limited Admissibility
Used to refresh memory
- § 612. Writing or Object Used to Refresh Memory