RE98R25: Residential Rental - Landlord/Tenant Issues - Part 1

This course is designed to provide real estate brokers and salespersons with the legal knowledge and practical tools needed to professionally and ethically handle residential rental transactions.

Instructor: It is the responsibility of the instructor to be sure all information is up to date and current.

Course Description:
This course is designed to provide real estate brokers and salespersons with the legal knowledge and practical tools needed to professionally and ethically handle residential rental transactions. With a focus on regulatory compliance, fiduciary duties, and tenant protections, Part 1 offers a comprehensive foundation on rental brokerage, including recent updates to Massachusetts broker fee laws, eviction record sealing, and junk fees.

I. License Requirements

Objective: Understand who is legally required to hold a license when engaging in rental brokerage and recognize legal exceptions.

  • A. Licensing law (M.G.L. c. 112, § 87 DDD 1/2)
    • Overview of required licensure for showing property, negotiating leases, and collecting fees
    • Discussion of enforcement and penalties for unlicensed activity
  • B. Exception for property management agents (M.G.L. c. 112, § 87 QQ)
    • Scope of exemption when acting under a property management contract
    • Clarification of duties that still require licensure (e.g., showing units)

II. Listings for Residential Leasing

Objective: Identify the types of residential rental listings and understand best practices for documenting listing agreements.

  • A. Exclusive listings
    • Definition and benefits of exclusive agreements
    • Importance of written agreements for legal protection
  • B. Open/non-exclusive listings
    • Risks and practical considerations when working with multiple licensees
    • Best practices for verbal and informal arrangements

III. Broker Fee Disclosure Requirements

Objective: Comprehend and apply the updated laws governing written fee disclosures and broker compensation.

  • A. Timing of disclosure: Required at the first personal person meeting to discuss rental property
  • B. Required elements of written disclosure:
    1. Whether a tenant will be charged a broker fee
    2. Specific dollar amount or percentage of rent
    3. When the fee is due (e.g., at lease signing)
    4. Whether the fee is due regardless of tenancy outcome
    5. Licensee’s name, license number, and dated signature
    6. Prospective tenant’s signature or note of refusal
    7. The fee disclosure requirement applies to all residential rentals.
  • C. Disclosure must be retained for at least 3 years and made available for Board inspection
  • D. (Effective August 1, 2025):
    1. Licensee can only contract with either the tenant or the landlord but not both.
    2. The party who contracts with the broker is responsible for paying the broker’s fee.
  • A broker’s fee may be charged to the tenant only if the tenant has directly hired the broker.
  • A broker’s fee may be charged to the landlord only if the landlord has directly hired the broker.
  • Misrepresenting who is responsible for the broker fee may lead to disciplinary action.

E. Effective September 2, 2025 Massachusetts Junk Law (940 CMR 38.00)

  • All fees must be disclosed upfront
  • Must be identified before a prospective tenant gives personal information
  • No surprise add-ons after a tenant has already submitted an application
  • Renewal or lease continuing charges must be disclosed upfront.
  • Any rentals advertised must reflect the true all-in cost.

In short: no more hidden rental application fees, surprise broker charges, or undisclosed add-ons in real estate advertising or transactions. Everything must be clear, upfront, and all-in before the consumer gives personal details or commits.

IV. Leasing Process and Tenant Screening

Objective: Apply best practices and legal standards for screening tenants and initiating rental agreements.

  • A. Tenant Screening
    • Understand and comply with federal and state Fair Housing laws, including protections based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, familial status, and additional state-specific classes such as source of income, gender identity, and military status
    • Lawfully handle applications from tenants using Section 8 and other government subsidies; avoid discriminatory steering or discouragement
      • Understand that Section 8 voucher holders have the same legal protections under Fair Housing laws
      • Prohibit policies or statements that discourage or refuse applicants based on voucher status
      • Ensure advertising and communication are inclusive of tenants with housing assistance
      • Train staff to recognize and prevent implicit bias in rental decisions related to subsidies
      • Document all interactions and decisions consistently to demonstrate non-discrimination
    • Address the presence of children and ensure compliance with lead paint disclosure requirements under both state and federal law
    • Consider 3rd party screening companies.
    • Obtain and document written authorization prior to running credit checks; inform applicants of their rights under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
    • Know when and how criminal background checks may be used in tenant screening; understand HUD guidance and avoid blanket bans that may result in discriminatory impact
    • Maintain applicant privacy by securely storing and disposing of personal data, including social security numbers and credit reports
    • Encourage, but do not require, tenants to obtain renters insurance; clarify what it covers and how it benefits both parties
    • Understand that improper or inconsistent screening practices may be cited in Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination (MCAD) investigations or lawsuits
  • B. Environmental and Safety Requirements
    • Lead paint inspection, tenant notification, and compliance obligations
    • Explanation of 30-day window to de-lead with children under six
    • Mass Lead Safe Home website
    • State and local financial aid for de-leading efforts

V. Condition and Delivery of Premises

Objective: Ensure landlords understand the legal expectations related to the condition and preparation of rental units.

  • A. Move-in readiness
    • Inspection checklist for cleanliness, damage, safety, appliances
    • Statement of Condition and how to properly complete and serve it
    • Board of Health Inspection/building Department/Appropriate Municipal Authority
  • B. Abandoned Property
    • Legal duty to inventory and return abandoned items
    • Use of photos, inventory lists, and witness statements
  • C. Dealing with hold-over tenants
    • Required notices and enforcement options
    • Coordination with municipal health/building inspectors for habitability violations

VI. Warranty of Habitability and State Sanitary Code

Objective: Identify the landlord's obligations regarding safe and habitable housing.

  • A. Basic habitability standards
    • Heat (October–May), hot water, plumbing, structural integrity
    • If tenant is responsible for utilities, it must be in writing
  • B. State Sanitary Code (105 CMR 410)
    • Determines maximum occupancy
    • Inspection standards and violation consequences
  • C. Local Ordinances
    • Municipal requirements that supplement the state code (e.g., trash pickup, parking)
  • D. Right to quiet enjoyment and safety
    • Responsibilities for locks, lighting, handrails, snow/ice removal, pest control
  • E. Safety and security Issues a. railings, lighting, security features, snow removal, steps

VII. Vacation and Short-Term Rentals

Objective: Distinguish between standard rentals and short-term exemptions.

  • A. Vacation rentals under 100 days
    • Generally exempt from M.G.L. c. 186, § 15B
    • Lease protections do not apply to vacation/recreational rentals
  • B. Lead paint exemptions under 31 days
    • Unit must be free of chipping or peeling paint
    • Written short-term vacation rental exemption form must be provided

VIII. Fair Housing, Anti-Discrimination & Consumer Protection

Objective: Reinforce understanding of agents' obligations under Fair Housing and consumer protection laws.

  • A. Protected Classes (Federal and State)
    • Race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, national origin, age, Disability/handicap, children, source of income (public assistance), military status, marital status, gender identity, sexual orientation, genetic information, hairstyles (Crown Act)
  • B. Public accommodation obligations
    • Licensees are subject to MCAD enforcement
  • C. M.G.L. c. 93A
    • Prohibits unfair/deceptive business practices, including false advertising and misrepresentation in rentals

IX. Recent Legal Updates (2024–2025)

Objective: Ensure licensees are current on new legislation impacting rental practice.

  • A. Massachusetts Junk Fee (Effective September 2, 2025)
    • Transparent Pricing
    • Advertising Compliance
    • Lease renewal & Rent Increases disclosed up front
  • B. Broker Fee Law (Effective August 2025)
    • Only one party (either landlord or tenant) may contract with a broker and that party pays the fee.
    • Fee disclosure form updated accordingly
  • B. Eviction Record Sealing Law (Effective May 2025)
    • Eviction records sealed automatically after:
      • 3 years (no-cause)
      • 5 years (non-payment)
      • 7 years (for-cause)
    • Background check compliance and best practices
  • C. Mandatory Mediation Before Eviction
    • Applies to non-payment and no-cause evictions
    • Licensees should inform landlord-clients of mediation options

Suggested Handouts:

  • Attorney Generals Guide to Landlord/Tenant Rights
  • MA Consumer Guide to Landlord Rights and Responsibilities
  • Broker fee disclosure form (updated for 2025 law)
  • Sample application form
  • Statement of condition
  • Lease summary sheet
  • "Get the Lead Out" guide
  • Fair Housing/MCAD complaint process summary
  • Summary of eviction sealing law

Authority:

  • M.G.L. c. 112, §§ 87PP–87DDD1/2
  • 254 CMR §§ 2.00–7.00
  • M.G.L. c. 186, §§ 1–21 (residential rental)
  • M.G.L. c. 111, §§ 189A–199B (lead)
  • 105 CMR 410 (State Sanitary Code)
  • M.G.L. c. 93A (Consumer Protection)
  • 2025 Broker Fee Law
  • 2025 Eviction Sealing Law

Duration: 2 hours
Intended Audience: Massachusetts licensed real estate brokers and salespersons
Instructional Method: Lecture, case review, discussion

 

Last updated: November 25, 2025

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