News  What hunters should know about HPAI

In January 2026, HPAI was confirmed in a flock of domestic birds in Dukes County. Additionally, officials are investigating small numbers of wild bird deaths in Massachusetts to collect and test for HPAI.

Both wild and domesticated birds can become infected with HPAI. Raptors, waterfowl, and other aquatic birds are most at risk for infection, although any bird species should be considered susceptible. Birds may be infected with HPAI without showing any signs of illness. Wild mammals can also become infected, especially those that scavenge on birds such as foxes.

Humans are rarely infected with avian influenza viruses. Humans that have prolonged close contact with sick or dead birds infected with HPAI are the most at risk of becoming infected. The virus is shed from infected birds through bodily fluids, most commonly saliva, mucous, and feces. Inhaling those shed particles or contacting them and then touching the eyes, nose, or mouth can allow the virus to pass to humans.

Safety tips for hunters:

• Reporting and handling birds: Hunters should avoid handling any birds that appear sick or have been found dead. Report observations of sick or deceased birds if 5 or more birds are found at a single location using this simple form at mass.gov/reportbirds.
• Processing and cooking: Dress game birds in the field when possible. While eating wild game meat is generally considered safe, hunters can minimize risk from wildlife diseases by wearing gloves when dressing birds and washing hands with soap and water afterwards. Cook game meat to an internal temperature of 165°F to kill bacteria and viruses, including avian flu viruses. Click here for more information on best practices for processing and cooking wild game.
• Hunting dogs: While dogs are generally considered low risk for contracting avian influenza, use your best judgment when using hunting dogs for retrievals. It is recommended that dogs should be kept away from birds that appear sick or have been found dead. Hunters should avoid feeding dogs raw meat from harvested birds and keep them away from field dressed carcasses.
  
   

More information:

People with questions about the public health impact of HPAI can visit DPH’s avian influenza webpage or call the Division of Epidemiology (available 24/7) at (617) 983-6800.

Click here for more information about avian influenza from the CDC.