The Act provides a federal backstop for certain acts of terrorism via a temporary federal program that distributes the risk of loss from terrorist attacks between the federal government and the insurance industry. This federal backstop program is designed to "protect consumers by addressing market disruptions and ensure the continued widespread availability and affordability of property and casualty insurance for terrorism risk."
The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) was initially passed by Congress in 2002 and has been renewed four times since its passage, in 2005, 2007, 2015 and 2019. The current reauthorization expires on December 31, 2027.