Massachusetts law about vaccination & immunization

Laws, regulations, cases and web sources on vaccination and immunization law.

If you are unable to find the information you are looking for, or if you have a specific question, please contact our law librarians for assistance.

Best bets

Immunization, Mass.gov.
The starting point for answers to most questions regarding:

• Vaccine information for the general public as well as for healthcare and public health professionals
• School immunizations
• Seasonal vaccines
• Influenza
• COVID-19
• Mpox
• And more

Vaccines and immunizations, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Includes: contraindications and precautions; immunization schedules; common questions; vaccine information statements (benefits, risks and side effects) in English and Spanish; vaccines for travelers; publications including Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases (the "Pink Book"); videos, webcasts, podcasts; and links to additional resources.

Massachusetts laws

MGL c. 76, § 15 Vaccination and immunization of students

MGL c. 76, § 15C Immunization of college health science students

MGL c. 76, § 15D Immunization of college students for meningococcal disease

MGL c. 111, § 6 Power to define diseases deemed dangerous to public health; control and prevention

MGL c. 111, § 24M Mass. Immunization Information System, a computerized registry

MGL c. 111, § 181 Enforcement of vaccination of inhabitants of towns

MGL c. 111, § 182 Vaccination of inmates and employees of various institutions

MGL c. 111, § 183 Exemptions to sections 181 and 182

MGL c. 112, § 12C Immunity of physician or nurse administering immunization from liability

Federal executive orders

Keeping education accessible and ending COVID-19 vaccine mandates in schools, February 14, 2025.

Massachusetts regulations

101 CMR 23 COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations for staff at certain agency facilities

105 CMR 220 Immunization of students before admission to school

105 CMR 222 Massachusetts Immunization Information System

105 CMR 430 Minimum standards for recreational camps for children

• 105 CMR 430.152 Required immunizations for campers and staff

Federal laws and regulations

42 USC §§ 300aa-1 - 300aa-6 National vaccine program

42 USC §§ 300aa-10 - 300aa-34 National vaccine injury compensation program

42 CFR §§ 100.1 - 100.3 Vaccine injury compensation

Selected cases

Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905) 
Legal precedent for U.S. compulsory vaccination laws. Jacobson challenged mandatory smallpox vaccination as an unreasonable invasion of his liberty. The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court held that the vaccination program was constitutional. The U.S. Supreme Court affirmed, ruling that the program had a real or substantial relation to the protection of the public health and safety.

Morin v. MGH Institute of Health Professionals and Partners Healthcare System, Inc. (Mass. Super.), 15 Mass. Law Rptr. 417 (2002)
MGL c. 76, § 15C requires students in health science programs, who come in contact with patients, to be immunized against various communicable diseases. Here, the court construes the language in that statute that exempts students on the basis of religious beliefs.

Robinson v. Children's Hospital Boston, U.S. Dist. Ct., Mass. (April 5, 2016)
A hospital employee was not entitled to a religious exemption from a requirement for all employees who worked with patients to get a flu shot. The court held that the hospital had given the employee reasonable accommodation and that the exemption would cause an undue hardship for the hospital.

Report adverse reactions

Adverse reaction reporting system, Federal Vaccine Adverse Reaction Reporting System (VAERS).
Report significant adverse events that occurred after vaccination of adult or child.

Forms

Note: There are no official exemption forms provided by the government.

Vaccination exemption forms

School exemptions

Schools provide their own medical exemption request forms. Medical exemptions require written documentation from a student's doctor explaining why a student cannot medically receive a vaccine.

Contact the school to find out what their medical exemption requirements are.

Religious exemptions

Organizations provide their own religious exemption request forms. If they do not have a form to provide, a letter from the parent/guardian or the individual seeking an exemption can be used. The religious exemption request should state in writing that a vaccine conflicts with the individual’s sincerely held religious belief.

Record request forms

Massachusetts Immunization Information System (MIIS) forms, Mass. Department of Public Health.
"Forms for record requests, amendment request, record not found amendment request, and MIIS objection (or withdrawal of objection)."

Web resources

About the Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Details on vaccine access for eligible children at no cost.

Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program (CICP)
This federal program was created so that, in the unlikely event that you experience a serious injury from a covered "countermeasure", you may be considered for benefits. A countermeasure is a vaccination, medication, device, or other item recommended to diagnose, prevent or treat a declared pandemic, epidemic or security threat.

Find a pharmacy to schedule a vaccination, Vaccines.gov.
Nationwide information on vaccine availability and scheduling.

Immunizations, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Learn about how vaccines work, how to get vaccinated, and find answers to common questions about vaccination.

Immunizations for respiratory diseases, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences.
"This page includes data on immunizations against COVID-19, influenza, and RSV during the current respiratory season."

Pharmacist and pharmacy technician vaccination authority, National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations (NASPA), 2025.
Includes charts and interactive maps that provide information on pharmacist immunization authority in each state.

Travelers' health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Covers all aspects of international travel health information, including vaccinations (routine, recommended and required), precautions, diseases related to travel, and access to the "Yellow Book", a comprehensive reference guide.

Vaccine safety systems, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Information on vaccine monitoring and safety.

What you should know about COVID-19 and the ADA, the Rehabilitation Act, and other EEO laws, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
Sections K and L. Employers have the legal right to mandate that their employees receive a COVID-19 vaccination, according to guidance originally released on December 16, 2020. Last updated May 15, 2023.

Print sources

Municipal law and practice, 5^th ed. (Mass Practice v. 18A), Thomson/West, 2006 with supplement.
Chapter 19, Public Health, section 19.3: Vaccinations and vaccines.

Post-COVID employment: Remote work, office return, vaccine mandates & choice of law issues by David E. Belfort, MCLE, 2022.

Vaccine, vaccination, and immunization law by Brian Abramson, The Bureau of National Affairs, 2021.

What lawyers need to know about vaccination mandates in the workplace and schools by Eileen M. Hagerty, MCLE, 2020.

Last updated:	August 15, 2025